feat: add Node.js version 25 to CI workflow (#3556)

* feat: add Node.js version 25 to CI workflow

https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v25.0.0

* chore: update CI workflow to exclude Node.js version '23'

Remove Node.js version '23' from CI workflow.

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License. See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=2090316 for license information.
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-FROM node:12
+FROM node:20
 
 # Avoid warnings by switching to noninteractive
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // If you want to run as a non-root user in the container, see .devcontainer/docker-compose.yml.
 {
-	"name": "Node.js 12 & Postgres",
+	"name": "Node.js 20 & Postgres",
 	"dockerComposeFile": "docker-compose.yml",
 	"service": "web",
 	"workspaceFolder": "/workspace",

.eslintrc

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "plugins": ["@typescript-eslint", "prettier"],
   "parser": "@typescript-eslint/parser",
-  "extends": ["plugin:prettier/recommended", "prettier"],
+  "extends": ["eslint:recommended", "plugin:prettier/recommended", "prettier"],
   "ignorePatterns": ["node_modules", "coverage", "packages/pg-protocol/dist/**/*", "packages/pg-query-stream/dist/**/*"],
   "parserOptions": {
     "ecmaVersion": 2017,
@@ -14,8 +14,22 @@
   },
   "rules": {
     "@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars": ["error", {
-      "args": "none"
+      "args": "none",
+      "varsIgnorePattern": "^_$"
     }],
-    "no-unused-vars": "off"
+    "no-unused-vars": ["error", {
+      "args": "none",
+      "varsIgnorePattern": "^_$"
+    }],
+    "no-var": "error",
+    "prefer-const": "error"
+  },
+  "overrides": [
+    {
+      "files": ["*.ts", "*.mts", "*.cts", "*.tsx"],
+      "rules": {
+        "no-undef": "off"
       }
+    }
+  ]
 }

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* text=auto eol=lf

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ jobs:
           - '18'
           - '20'
           - '22'
+          - '24'
+          - '25'
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
     name: Node.js ${{ matrix.node }}

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,6 +4,18 @@ For richer information consult the commit log on github with referenced pull req
 
 We do not include break-fix version release in this file.
 
+## pg@8.16.0
+
+- Add support for [min connection pool size](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/pull/3438).
+
+## pg@8.15.0
+
+- Add support for [esm](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/pull/3423) importing. CommonJS importing is still also supported.
+
+## pg@8.14.0
+
+- Add support from SCRAM-SAH-256-PLUS i.e. [channel binding](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/pull/3356).
+
 ## pg@8.13.0
 
 - Add ability to specify query timeout on [per-query basis](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/pull/3074).

README.md

@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ This repo is a monorepo which contains the core [pg](https://github.com/brianc/n
 - [pg-connection-string](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/tree/master/packages/pg-connection-string)
 - [pg-protocol](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/tree/master/packages/pg-protocol)
 
+## Install
+
+```
+npm install pg
+```
+
 ## Documentation
 
 Each package in this repo should have its own readme more focused on how to develop/contribute. For overall documentation on the project and the related modules managed by this repo please see:
@@ -60,6 +66,12 @@ node-postgres's continued development has been made possible in part by generous
 
 If you or your company are benefiting from node-postgres and would like to help keep the project financially sustainable [please consider supporting](https://github.com/sponsors/brianc) its development.
 
+### Featured sponsor
+
+Special thanks to [medplum](https://medplum.com) for their generous and thoughtful support of node-postgres!
+
+![medplum](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/medplum/medplum-logo/refs/heads/main/medplum-logo.png)
+
 ## Contributing
 
 **:heart: contributions!**

SPONSORS.md

@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ node-postgres is made possible by the helpful contributors from the community as
 - [mpirik](https://github.com/mpirik)
 - [@BLUE-DEVIL1134](https://github.com/BLUE-DEVIL1134)
 - [bubble.io](https://bubble.io/)
-- GitHub[https://github.com/github]
+- [GitHub](https://github.com/github)
-- loveland [https://github.com/loveland]
+- [n8n](https://n8n.io/)
+- [loveland](https://github.com/loveland)
+- [gajus](https://github.com/gajus)
+- [thirdiron](https://github.com/thirdiron)
 
 # Supporters
 
@@ -50,3 +53,4 @@ node-postgres is made possible by the helpful contributors from the community as
 - [Sideline Sports](https://github.com/SidelineSports)
 - [Gadget](https://github.com/gadget-inc)
 - [Sentry](https://sentry.io/welcome/)
+- [devlikeapro](https://github.com/devlikepro)

docs/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# node-postgres docs website
+
+This is the documentation for node-postgres which is currently hosted at [https://node-postgres.com](https://node-postgres.com).
+
+## Development
+
+To run the documentation locally, you need to have [Node.js](https://nodejs.org) installed. Then, you can clone the repository and install the dependencies:
+
+```bash
+cd docs
+yarn
+```
+
+Once you've installed the deps, you can run the development server:
+
+```bash
+yarn dev
+```
+
+This will start a local server at [http://localhost:3000](http://localhost:3000) where you can view the documentation and see your changes.

docs/components/alert.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import React from 'react'
 import { Callout } from 'nextra-theme-docs'
 
 export const Alert = ({ children }) => {

docs/components/info.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import React from 'react'
 import { Callout } from 'nextra-theme-docs'
 
 export const Info = ({ children }) => {

docs/components/logo.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+type Props = {
+  src: string
+  alt?: string
+}
+
+export function Logo(props: Props) {
+  const alt = props.alt || 'Logo'
+  return <img src={props.src} alt={alt} width={100} height={100} style={{ width: 400, height: 'auto' }} />
+}

docs/pages/_app.js

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 import 'nextra-theme-docs/style.css'
 
 export default function Nextra({ Component, pageProps }) {
-  return (
+  return <Component {...pageProps} />
-    <>
-      <Component {...pageProps} />
-    </>
-  )
 }

docs/pages/apis/client.mdx

@@ -23,15 +23,18 @@ type Config = {
   lock_timeout?: number, // number of milliseconds a query is allowed to be en lock state before it's cancelled due to lock timeout
   application_name?: string, // The name of the application that created this Client instance
   connectionTimeoutMillis?: number, // number of milliseconds to wait for connection, default is no timeout
-  idle_in_transaction_session_timeout?: number // number of milliseconds before terminating any session with an open idle transaction, default is no timeout
+  keepAliveInitialDelayMillis?: number, // set the initial delay before the first keepalive probe is sent on an idle socket
+  idle_in_transaction_session_timeout?: number, // number of milliseconds before terminating any session with an open idle transaction, default is no timeout
+  client_encoding?: string, // specifies the character set encoding that the database uses for sending data to the client
+  fallback_application_name?: string, // provide an application name to use if application_name is not set
+  options?: string // command-line options to be sent to the server
 }
 ```
 
 example to create a client with specific connection information:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 
 const client = new Client({
   user: 'database-user',
@@ -45,8 +48,7 @@ const client = new Client({
 ## client.connect
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 const client = new Client()
 
 await client.connect()
@@ -88,8 +90,7 @@ client.query(text: string, values?: any[]) => Promise<Result>
 **Plain text query**
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 const client = new Client()
 
 await client.connect()
@@ -103,8 +104,7 @@ await client.end()
 **Parameterized query**
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 const client = new Client()
 
 await client.connect()
@@ -142,8 +142,7 @@ await client.end()
 If you pass an object to `client.query` and the object has a `.submit` function on it, the client will pass it's PostgreSQL server connection to the object and delegate query dispatching to the supplied object. This is an advanced feature mostly intended for library authors. It is incidentally also currently how the callback and promise based queries above are handled internally, but this is subject to change. It is also how [pg-cursor](https://github.com/brianc/node-pg-cursor) and [pg-query-stream](https://github.com/brianc/node-pg-query-stream) work.
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Query } from 'pg'
-const { Query } = pg
 const query = new Query('select $1::text as name', ['brianc'])
 
 const result = client.query(query)

docs/pages/apis/cursor.mdx

@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ $ npm install pg pg-cursor
 Instantiates a new Cursor. A cursor is an instance of `Submittable` and should be passed directly to the `client.query` method.
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 import Cursor from 'pg-cursor'
 
 const pool = new Pool()
@@ -29,11 +28,9 @@ const values = [10]
 
 const cursor = client.query(new Cursor(text, values))
 
-cursor.read(100, (err, rows) => {
+const { rows } = await cursor.read(100)
-  cursor.close(() => {
+console.log(rows.length) // 100 (unless the table has fewer than 100 rows)
-    client.release()
+client.release()
-  })
-})
 ```
 
 ```ts
@@ -58,8 +55,7 @@ If the cursor has read to the end of the result sets all subsequent calls to cur
 Here is an example of reading to the end of a cursor:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 import Cursor from 'pg-cursor'
 
 const pool = new Pool()

docs/pages/apis/pool.mdx

@@ -29,9 +29,17 @@ type Config = {
   idleTimeoutMillis?: number
 
   // maximum number of clients the pool should contain
-  // by default this is set to 10.
+  // by default this is set to 10.  There is some nuance to setting the maximum size of your pool.
+  // see https://node-postgres.com/guides/pool-sizing for more information
   max?: number
 
+  // minimum number of clients the pool should hold on to and _not_ destroy with the idleTimeoutMillis
+  // this can be useful if you get very bursty traffic and want to keep a few clients around.
+  // note: current the pool will not automatically create and connect new clients up to the min, it will
+  // only not evict and close clients except those which exceed the min count.
+  // the default is 0 which disables this behavior.
+  min?: number
+
   // Default behavior is the pool will keep clients open & connected to the backend
   // until idleTimeoutMillis expire for each client and node will maintain a ref
   // to the socket on the client, keeping the event loop alive until all clients are closed
@@ -42,14 +50,19 @@ type Config = {
   // to the postgres server.  This can be handy in scripts & tests
   // where you don't want to wait for your clients to go idle before your process exits.
   allowExitOnIdle?: boolean
+
+  // Sets a max overall life for the connection.
+  // A value of 60 would evict connections that have been around for over 60 seconds,
+  // regardless of whether they are idle. It's useful to force rotation of connection pools through
+  // middleware so that you can rotate the underlying servers. The default is disabled (value of zero)
+  maxLifetimeSeconds?: number
 }
 ```
 
 example to create a new pool with configuration:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool({
   host: 'localhost',
@@ -57,6 +70,7 @@ const pool = new Pool({
   max: 20,
   idleTimeoutMillis: 30000,
   connectionTimeoutMillis: 2000,
+  maxLifetimeSeconds: 60
 })
 ```
 
@@ -69,8 +83,7 @@ pool.query(text: string, values?: any[]) => Promise<pg.Result>
 ```
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 
@@ -78,7 +91,7 @@ const result = await pool.query('SELECT $1::text as name', ['brianc'])
 console.log(result.rows[0].name) // brianc
 ```
 
-Notice in the example above there is no need to check out or release a client. The pool is doing the acquiring and releasing internally. I find `pool.query` to be a handy shortcut many situations and use it exclusively unless I need a transaction.
+Notice in the example above there is no need to check out or release a client. The pool is doing the acquiring and releasing internally. I find `pool.query` to be a handy shortcut in many situations and I use it exclusively unless I need a transaction.
 
 <Alert>
   <div>
@@ -99,11 +112,10 @@ Acquires a client from the pool.
 
 - If there are idle clients in the pool one will be returned to the callback on `process.nextTick`.
 - If the pool is not full but all current clients are checked out a new client will be created & returned to this callback.
-- If the pool is 'full' and all clients are currently checked out will wait in a FIFO queue until a client becomes available by it being released back to the pool.
+- If the pool is 'full' and all clients are currently checked out, requests will wait in a FIFO queue until a client becomes available by being released back to the pool.
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 
@@ -121,8 +133,7 @@ Client instances returned from `pool.connect` will have a `release` method which
 The `release` method on an acquired client returns it back to the pool. If you pass a truthy value in the `destroy` parameter, instead of releasing the client to the pool, the pool will be instructed to disconnect and destroy this client, leaving a space within itself for a new client.
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 
@@ -134,8 +145,7 @@ client.release()
 ```
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 assert(pool.totalCount === 0)
@@ -168,8 +178,7 @@ Calling `pool.end` will drain the pool of all active clients, disconnect them, a
 
 ```js
 // again both promises and callbacks are supported:
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 

docs/pages/apis/utilities.mdx

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import { Alert } from '/components/alert.tsx'
 Escapes a string as a [SQL identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS).
 
 ```js
-const { escapeIdentifier } = require('pg')
+import { escapeIdentifier } from 'pg';
 const escapedIdentifier = escapeIdentifier('FooIdentifier')
 console.log(escapedIdentifier) // '"FooIdentifier"'
 ```
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ console.log(escapedIdentifier) // '"FooIdentifier"'
 Escapes a string as a [SQL literal](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS).
 
 ```js
-const { escapeLiteral } = require('pg')
+import { escapeLiteral } from 'pg';
 const escapedLiteral = escapeLiteral("hello 'world'")
 console.log(escapedLiteral) // "'hello ''world'''"
 ```

docs/pages/features/_meta.json

@@ -5,5 +5,7 @@
   "transactions": "Transactions",
   "types": "Data Types",
   "ssl": "SSL",
-  "native": "Native"
+  "native": "Native",
+  "esm": "ESM",
+  "callbacks": "Callbacks"
 }

docs/pages/features/callbacks.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+title: Callbacks
+---
+
+## Callback Support
+
+`async` / `await` is the preferred way to write async code these days with node, but callbacks are supported in the `pg` module and the `pg-pool` module. To use them, pass a callback function as the last argument to the following methods & it will be called and a promise will not be returned:
+
+
+```js
+const { Pool, Client } = require('pg')
+
+// pool
+const pool = new Pool()
+// run a query on an available client
+pool.query('SELECT NOW()', (err, res) => {
+  console.log(err, res)
+})
+
+// check out a client to do something more complex like a transaction
+pool.connect((err, client, release) => {
+  client.query('SELECT NOW()', (err, res) => {
+    release()
+    console.log(err, res)
+    pool.end()
+  })
+
+})
+
+// single client
+const client = new Client()
+client.connect((err) => {
+  if (err) throw err
+  client.query('SELECT NOW()', (err, res) => {
+    console.log(err, res)
+    client.end()
+  })
+})
+```

docs/pages/features/connecting.mdx

@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ const signerOptions = {
   username: 'api-user',
 }
 
-const signer = new RDS.Signer()
+const signer = new RDS.Signer(signerOptions)
 
-const getPassword = () => signer.getAuthToken(signerOptions)
+const getPassword = () => signer.getAuthToken()
 
 const pool = new Pool({
   user: signerOptions.username,

docs/pages/features/esm.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+title: ESM
+---
+
+## ESM Support
+
+As of v8.15.x node-postgres supporters the __ECMAScript Module__ (ESM) format. This means you can use `import` statements instead of `require` or `import pg from 'pg'`.
+
+CommonJS modules are still supported. The ESM format is an opt-in feature and will not affect existing codebases that use CommonJS.
+
+The docs have been changed to show ESM usage, but in a CommonJS context you can still use the same code, you just need to change the import format.
+
+If you're using CommonJS, you can use the following code to import the `pg` module:
+
+```js
+  const pg = require('pg')
+  const { Client } = pg
+  // etc...
+```
+
+### ESM Usage
+
+If you're using ESM, you can use the following code to import the `pg` module:
+
+```js
+  import { Client } from 'pg'
+  // etc...
+```
+
+
+Previously if you were using ESM you would have to use the following code:
+
+```js
+  import pg from 'pg'
+  const { Client } = pg
+  // etc...
+```

docs/pages/features/ssl.mdx

@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ const config = {
   },
 }
 
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client, Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Client, Pool } = pg
 
 const client = new Client(config)
 await client.connect()
@@ -51,3 +50,17 @@ const config = {
   },
 }
 ```
+
+## Channel binding
+
+If the PostgreSQL server offers SCRAM-SHA-256-PLUS (i.e. channel binding) for TLS/SSL connections, you can enable this as follows:
+
+```js
+const client = new Client({ ...config, enableChannelBinding: true})
+```
+
+or
+
+```js
+const pool = new Pool({ ...config, enableChannelBinding: true})
+```

docs/pages/features/transactions.mdx

@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ To execute a transaction with node-postgres you simply execute `BEGIN / COMMIT /
 ## Examples
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 const pool = new Pool()
 
 const client = await pool.connect()

docs/pages/guides/_meta.json

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 {
   "project-structure": "Suggested Code Structure",
   "async-express": "Express with Async/Await",
+  "pool-sizing": "Pool Sizing",
   "upgrading": "Upgrading"
 }

docs/pages/guides/async-express.md

@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ That's the same structure I used in the [project structure](/guides/project-stru
 My `db/index.js` file usually starts out like this:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 

docs/pages/guides/pool-sizing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+title: Pool Sizing
+---
+
+If you're using a [pool](/apis/pool) in an application with multiple instances of your service running (common in most cloud/container environments currently), you'll need to think a bit about the `max` parameter of your pool across all services and all _instances_ of all services which are connecting to your Postgres server.
+
+This can get pretty complex depending on your cloud environment. Further nuance is introduced with things like pg-bouncer, RDS connection proxies, etc., which will do some forms of connection pooling and connection multiplexing. So, it's definitely worth thinking about. Let's run through a few setups. While certainly not exhaustive, these examples hopefully prompt you into thinking about what's right for your setup.
+
+## Simple apps, dev mode, fixed instance counts, etc.
+
+If your app isn't running in a k8s style env with containers scaling automatically or lambdas or cloud functions etc., you can do some "napkin math" for the `max` pool config you can use. Let's assume your Postgres instance is configured to have a maximum of 200 connections at any one time. You know your service is going to run on 4 instances. You can set the `max` pool size to 50, but if all your services are saturated waiting on database connections, you won't be able to connect to the database from any mgmt tools or scale up your services without changing config/code to adjust the max size.
+
+In this situation, I'd probably set the `max` to 20 or 25. This lets you have plenty of headroom for scaling more instances and realistically, if your app is starved for db connections, you probably want to take a look at your queries and make them execute faster, or cache, or something else to reduce the load on the database. I worked on a more reporting-heavy application with limited users, but each running 5-6 queries at a time which all took 100-200 milliseconds to run. In that situation, I upped the `max` to 50. Typically, though, I don't bother setting it to anything other than the default of `10` as that's usually _fine_.
+
+## Auto-scaling, cloud-functions, multi-tenancy, etc.
+
+If the number of instances of your services which connect to your database is more dynamic and based on things like load, auto-scaling containers, or running in cloud-functions, you need to be a bit more thoughtful about what your max might be. Often in these environments, there will be another database pooling proxy in front of the database like pg-bouncer or the RDS-proxy, etc. I'm not sure how all these function exactly, and they all have some trade-offs, but let's assume you're not using a proxy. Then I'd be pretty cautious about how large you set any individual pool. If you're running an application under pretty serious load where you need dynamic scaling or lots of lambdas spinning up and sending queries, your queries are likely fast and you should be fine setting the `max` to a low value like 10 -- or just leave it alone, since `10` is the default.
+
+## pg-bouncer, RDS-proxy, etc.
+
+I'm not sure of all the pooling services for Postgres. I haven't used any myself. Throughout the years of working on `pg`, I've addressed issues caused by various proxies behaving differently than an actual Postgres backend. There are also gotchas with things like transactions. On the other hand, plenty of people run these with much success. In this situation, I would just recommend using some small but reasonable `max` value like the default value of `10` as it can still be helpful to keep a few TCP sockets from your services to the Postgres proxy open.
+
+## Conclusion, tl;dr
+
+It's a bit of a complicated topic and doesn't have much impact on things until you need to start scaling. At that point, your number of connections _still_ probably won't be your scaling bottleneck. It's worth thinking about a bit, but mostly I'd just leave the pool size to the default of `10` until you run into troubles: hopefully you never do!

docs/pages/guides/project-structure.md

@@ -27,13 +27,12 @@ The location doesn't really matter - I've found it usually ends up being somewha
 Typically I'll start out my `db/index.js` file like so:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 
-export const query = (text, params, callback) => {
+export const query = (text, params) => {
-  return pool.query(text, params, callback)
+  return pool.query(text, params)
 }
 ```
 
@@ -55,8 +54,7 @@ app.get('/:id', async (req, res, next) => {
 Imagine we have lots of routes scattered throughout many files under our `routes/` directory. We now want to go back and log every single query that's executed, how long it took, and the number of rows it returned. If we had required node-postgres directly in every route file we'd have to go edit every single route - that would take forever & be really error prone! But thankfully we put our data access into `db/index.js`. Let's go add some logging:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 
@@ -76,8 +74,7 @@ _note: I didn't log the query parameters. Depending on your application you migh
 Now what if we need to check out a client from the pool to run several queries in a row in a transaction? We can add another method to our `db/index.js` file when we need to do this:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Pool } = pg
 
 const pool = new Pool()
 

docs/pages/guides/upgrading.md

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pg.end()
 // new way, available since 6.0.0:
 
 // create a pool
-var pool = new pg.Pool()
+const pool = new pg.Pool()
 
 // connection using created pool
 pool.connect(function (err, client, done) {

docs/pages/index.mdx

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ title: Welcome
 slug: /
 ---
 
+import { Logo } from '/components/logo.tsx'
+
 node-postgres is a collection of node.js modules for interfacing with your PostgreSQL database. It has support for callbacks, promises, async/await, connection pooling, prepared statements, cursors, streaming results, C/C++ bindings, rich type parsing, and more! Just like PostgreSQL itself there are a lot of features: this documentation aims to get you up and running quickly and in the right direction. It also tries to provide guides for more advanced & edge-case topics allowing you to tap into the full power of PostgreSQL from node.js.
 
 ## Install
@@ -15,19 +17,33 @@ $ npm install pg
 
 node-postgres continued development and support is made possible by the many [supporters](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/blob/master/SPONSORS.md).
 
+Special thanks to [Medplum](https://www.medplum.com/) for sponsoring node-postgres for a whole year!
+
+<a href="https://www.medplum.com/">
+  <img
+    alt="Medplum"
+    src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/medplum/medplum-logo/refs/heads/main/medplum-logo.png"
+    style={{
+      width: '300px',
+      height: 'auto',
+      margin: '0 auto',
+      display: 'block',
+    }}
+  />
+</a>
+
 If you or your company would like to sponsor node-postgres stop by [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/brianc) and sign up or feel free to [email me](mailto:brian@pecanware.com) if you want to add your logo to the documentation or discuss higher tiers of sponsorship!
 
 # Version compatibility
 
-node-postgres strives to be compatible with all recent LTS versions of node & the most recent "stable" version. At the time of this writing node-postgres is compatible with node 8.x, 10.x, 12.x and 14.x To use node >= 14.x you will need to install `pg@8.2.x` or later due to some internal stream changes on the node 14 branch. Dropping support for an old node lts version will always be considered a breaking change in node-postgres and will be done on _major_ version number changes only, and we will try to keep support for 8.x for as long as reasonably possible.
+node-postgres strives to be compatible with all recent LTS versions of node & the most recent "stable" version. At the time of this writing node-postgres is compatible with node 18.x, 20.x, 22.x, and 24.x.
 
 ## Getting started
 
 The simplest possible way to connect, query, and disconnect is with async/await:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 const client = new Client()
 await client.connect()
 
@@ -41,8 +57,7 @@ await client.end()
 For the sake of simplicity, these docs will assume that the methods are successful. In real life use, make sure to properly handle errors thrown in the methods. A `try/catch` block is a great way to do so:
 
 ```ts
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Client } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
 const client = new Client()
 await client.connect()
 
@@ -56,22 +71,17 @@ try {
 }
 ```
 
-### Callbacks
+### Pooling
 
-If you prefer a callback-style approach to asynchronous programming, all async methods support an optional callback parameter as well:
+In most applications you'll want to use a [connection pool](/features/pooling) to manage your connections. This is a more advanced topic, but here's a simple example of how to use it:
 
 ```js
-import pg from 'pg'
+import { Pool } from 'pg'
-const { Client } = pg
+const pool = new Pool()
-const client = new Client()
+const res = await pool.query('SELECT $1::text as message', ['Hello world!'])
-
+console.log(res.rows[0].message) // Hello world!
-client.connect((err) => {
-   client.query('SELECT $1::text as message', ['Hello world!'], (err, res) => {
-     console.log(err ? err.stack : res.rows[0].message) // Hello World!
-     client.end()
-   })
-})
-
 ```
 
 Our real-world apps are almost always more complicated than that, and I urge you to read on!
+
+

docs/theme.config.js

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ export default {
   docsRepositoryBase: 'https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/blob/master/docs', // base URL for the docs repository
   titleSuffix: ' – node-postgres',
   darkMode: true,
-  footer: true,
   navigation: {
     prev: true,
     next: true,
@@ -23,13 +22,43 @@ export default {
   },
   logo: (
     <>
-      <svg>...</svg>
+      <svg
-      <span>node-postgres</span>
+        version="1.0"
+        xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+        height={48}
+        width={48}
+        viewBox="0 0 1024.000000 1024.000000"
+        preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet"
+      >
+        <g transform="translate(0.000000,1024.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)" fill="#3c873a" stroke="none">
+          <path
+            d="M4990 7316 c-391 -87 -703 -397 -1003 -996 -285 -568 -477 -1260
+-503 -1811 l-7 -142 -112 7 c-103 5 -207 27 -382 78 -37 11 -44 10 -63 -7 -61
+-55 17 -180 177 -285 91 -60 194 -103 327 -137 l104 -26 17 -71 c44 -183 152
+-441 256 -613 125 -207 322 -424 493 -541 331 -229 774 -291 1113 -156 112 45
+182 94 209 147 13 24 13 35 -1 90 -22 87 -88 219 -134 267 -46 49 -79 52 -153
+14 -168 -85 -360 -54 -508 83 -170 157 -244 440 -195 743 50 304 231 601 430
+706 168 89 332 60 463 -81 66 -71 110 -140 197 -315 83 -166 116 -194 203
+-170 88 23 370 258 637 531 411 420 685 806 808 1139 54 145 71 243 71 410 1
+128 -3 157 -27 243 -86 310 -243 543 -467 690 -207 137 -440 157 -966 85
+l-161 -22 -94 41 c-201 87 -327 113 -533 112 -77 -1 -166 -7 -196 -13z m-89
+-1357 c15 -10 34 -38 43 -61 23 -56 13 -111 -28 -156 -59 -64 -171 -54 -216
+21 -35 57 -22 145 28 190 44 40 122 43 173 6z m-234 -1361 c-46 -74 -156 -188
+-249 -258 -211 -159 -459 -219 -734 -179 l-76 12 89 28 c187 60 485 229 683
+388 l75 60 122 0 122 1 -32 -52z"
+          />
+        </g>
+      </svg>
+      <span style={{ fontWeight: 800 }}>node-postgres</span>
     </>
   ),
+  chat: {
+    link: 'https://discord.gg/2afXp5vUWm',
+  },
   head: (
     <>
       <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+      <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" />
       <meta
         name="description"
         content="node-postgres is a collection of node.js modules for interfacing with your PostgreSQL database."

lerna.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
-  "packages": [
+  "packages": ["packages/*"],
-    "packages/*"
-  ],
   "npmClient": "yarn",
   "useWorkspaces": true,
   "version": "independent",
-  "ignoreChanges": [
+  "command": {
-    "**/*.md",
+    "version": {
-    "**/test/**"
+      "allowBranch": "master"
-  ]
+    }
+  },
+  "ignoreChanges": ["**/*.md", "**/test/**"]
 }

package.json

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     "packages/*"
   ],
   "scripts": {
-    "test": "yarn lerna exec yarn test",
+    "test": "yarn lerna exec --concurrency 1 yarn test",
     "build": "tsc --build",
     "build:watch": "tsc --build --watch",
     "docs:build": "cd docs && yarn build",
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^7.0.0",
     "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^6.17.0",
     "eslint": "^8.56.0",
-    "eslint-config-prettier": "^9.1.0",
+    "eslint-config-prettier": "^10.1.2",
     "eslint-plugin-node": "^11.1.0",
     "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.1.2",
     "lerna": "^3.19.0",

packages/pg-bundler-test/esbuild-cloudflare.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import * as esbuild from 'esbuild'
+
+await esbuild.build({
+  entryPoints: ['./src/index.mjs'],
+  bundle: true,
+  outfile: './dist/esbuild-cloudflare.js',
+  conditions: ['import', 'workerd'],
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/esbuild-empty.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import * as esbuild from 'esbuild'
+
+await esbuild.build({
+  entryPoints: ['./src/index.mjs'],
+  bundle: true,
+  outfile: './dist/esbuild-empty.js',
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  "name": "pg-bundler-test",
+  "version": "0.0.2",
+  "description": "Test bundlers with pg-cloudflare, https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/issues/3452",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "private": true,
+  "type": "module",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@rollup/plugin-commonjs": "^28.0.3",
+    "@rollup/plugin-node-resolve": "^16.0.1",
+    "esbuild": "^0.25.5",
+    "pg-cloudflare": "^1.2.7",
+    "rollup": "^4.41.1",
+    "vite": "^6.3.5",
+    "webpack": "^5.99.9",
+    "webpack-cli": "^6.0.1"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "yarn webpack && yarn rollup && yarn vite && yarn esbuild",
+    "webpack": "webpack --config webpack-empty.config.mjs && webpack --config webpack-cloudflare.config.mjs",
+    "rollup": "rollup --config rollup-empty.config.mjs --failAfterWarnings && rollup --config rollup-cloudflare.config.mjs --failAfterWarnings",
+    "vite": "[ $(node --version | sed 's/v//' | cut -d'.' -f1) -ge 18 ] && vite build --config vite-empty.config.mjs && vite build --config vite-cloudflare.config.mjs || echo 'Skip Vite test'",
+    "esbuild": "node esbuild-empty.config.mjs && node esbuild-cloudflare.config.mjs"
+  }
+}

packages/pg-bundler-test/rollup-cloudflare.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'rollup'
+import { nodeResolve } from '@rollup/plugin-node-resolve'
+import commonjs from '@rollup/plugin-commonjs'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  input: './src/index.mjs',
+  output: {
+    file: 'dist/rollup-cloudflare.js',
+    format: 'es',
+  },
+  plugins: [nodeResolve({ exportConditions: ['import', 'workerd'], preferBuiltins: true }), commonjs()],
+  external: ['cloudflare:sockets'],
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/rollup-empty.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'rollup'
+import { nodeResolve } from '@rollup/plugin-node-resolve'
+import commonjs from '@rollup/plugin-commonjs'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  input: './src/index.mjs',
+  output: {
+    file: 'dist/rollup-empty.js',
+    format: 'es',
+  },
+  plugins: [nodeResolve(), commonjs()],
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/src/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import 'pg-cloudflare'

packages/pg-bundler-test/vite-cloudflare.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
+import commonjs from '@rollup/plugin-commonjs'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  build: {
+    emptyOutDir: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/index.mjs',
+      fileName: 'vite-cloudflare',
+      formats: ['es'],
+    },
+    rollupOptions: {
+      external: ['cloudflare:sockets'],
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['import', 'workerd'],
+  },
+  plugins: [commonjs()],
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/vite-empty.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  build: {
+    emptyOutDir: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/index.mjs',
+      fileName: 'vite-empty',
+      formats: ['es'],
+    },
+  },
+})

packages/pg-bundler-test/webpack-cloudflare.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import webpack from 'webpack'
+
+export default {
+  mode: 'production',
+  entry: './src/index.mjs',
+  output: {
+    filename: 'webpack-cloudflare.js',
+  },
+  resolve: { conditionNames: ['import', 'workerd'] },
+  plugins: [
+    // ignore cloudflare:sockets imports
+    new webpack.IgnorePlugin({
+      resourceRegExp: /^cloudflare:sockets$/,
+    }),
+  ],
+}

packages/pg-bundler-test/webpack-empty.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export default {
+  mode: 'production',
+  entry: './src/index.mjs',
+  output: {
+    filename: 'webpack-empty.js',
+  },
+}

packages/pg-cloudflare/README.md

@@ -10,6 +10,64 @@
 npm i --save-dev pg-cloudflare
 ```
 
+The package uses conditional exports to support bundlers that don't know about
+`cloudflare:sockets`, so the consumer code by default imports an empty file. To
+enable the package, resolve to the `cloudflare` condition in your bundler's
+config. For example:
+
+- `webpack.config.js`
+  ```js
+  export default {
+    ...,
+    resolve: { conditionNames: [..., "workerd"] },
+    plugins: [
+      // ignore cloudflare:sockets imports
+      new webpack.IgnorePlugin({
+        resourceRegExp: /^cloudflare:sockets$/,
+      }),
+    ],
+  }
+  ```
+- `vite.config.js`
+
+  > [!NOTE]
+  > If you are using the [Cloudflare Vite plugin](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@cloudflare/vite-plugin) then the following configuration is not necessary.
+
+  ```js
+  export default defineConfig({
+    ...,
+    resolve: {
+      conditions: [..., "workerd"],
+    },
+    build: {
+      ...,
+      // don't try to bundle cloudflare:sockets
+      rollupOptions: {
+        external: [..., 'cloudflare:sockets'],
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  ```
+
+- `rollup.config.js`
+  ```js
+  export default defineConfig({
+    ...,
+    plugins: [..., nodeResolve({ exportConditions: [..., 'workerd'] })],
+    // don't try to bundle cloudflare:sockets
+    external: [..., 'cloudflare:sockets'],
+  })
+  ```
+- `esbuild.config.js`
+  ```js
+  await esbuild.build({
+    ...,
+    conditions: [..., 'workerd'],
+  })
+  ```
+
+The concrete examples can be found in `packages/pg-bundler-test`.
+
 ## How to use conditionally, in non-Node.js environments
 
 As implemented in `pg` [here](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/commit/07553428e9c0eacf761a5d4541a3300ff7859578#diff-34588ad868ebcb232660aba7ee6a99d1e02f4bc93f73497d2688c3f074e60533R5-R13), a typical use case might look as follows, where in a Node.js environment the `net` module is used, while in a non-Node.js environment, where `net` is unavailable, `pg-cloudflare` is used instead, providing an equivalent interface:
@@ -21,14 +79,13 @@ module.exports.getStream = function getStream(ssl = false) {
     return net.Socket()
   }
   const { CloudflareSocket } = require('pg-cloudflare')
-  return new CloudflareSocket(ssl);
+  return new CloudflareSocket(ssl)
 }
 ```
 
 ## Node.js implementation of the Socket API proposal
 
-If you're looking for a way to rely on `connect()` as the interface you use to interact with raw sockets, but need this interface to be availble in a Node.js environment, [`@arrowood.dev/socket`](https://github.com/Ethan-Arrowood/socket) provides a Node.js implementation of the Socket API.
+If you're looking for a way to rely on `connect()` as the interface you use to interact with raw sockets, but need this interface to be available in a Node.js environment, [`@arrowood.dev/socket`](https://github.com/Ethan-Arrowood/socket) provides a Node.js implementation of the Socket API.
-
 
 ### license
 

packages/pg-cloudflare/esm/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import cf from '../dist/index.js'
+
+export const CloudflareSocket = cf.CloudflareSocket

packages/pg-cloudflare/package.json

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
   "name": "pg-cloudflare",
-  "version": "1.1.1",
+  "version": "1.2.7",
   "description": "A socket implementation that can run on Cloudflare Workers using native TCP connections.",
-  "main": "dist/empty.js",
+  "main": "dist/index.js",
   "types": "dist/index.d.ts",
   "license": "MIT",
   "devDependencies": {
@@ -10,9 +10,15 @@
     "typescript": "^4.0.3"
   },
   "exports": {
-    "workerd": "./dist/index.js",
+    ".": {
+      "workerd": {
+        "import": "./esm/index.mjs",
+        "require": "./dist/index.js"
+      },
       "default": "./dist/empty.js"
     },
+    "./package.json": "./package.json"
+  },
   "scripts": {
     "build": "tsc",
     "build:watch": "tsc --watch",
@@ -26,6 +32,7 @@
   },
   "files": [
     "/dist/*{js,ts,map}",
-    "/src"
+    "/src",
+    "/esm"
   ]
 }

packages/pg-cloudflare/src/index.ts

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ export class CloudflareSocket extends EventEmitter {
       if (connectListener) this.once('connect', connectListener)
 
       const options: SocketOptions = this.ssl ? { secureTransport: 'starttls' } : {}
-      const { connect } = await import('cloudflare:sockets')
+      const mod = await import('cloudflare:sockets')
+      const connect = mod.connect
       this._cfSocket = connect(`${host}:${port}`, options)
       this._cfWriter = this._cfSocket.writable.getWriter()
       this._addClosedHandler()
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ export class CloudflareSocket extends EventEmitter {
   }
 
   async _listen() {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-constant-condition
     while (true) {
       log('awaiting receive from CF socket')
       const { done, value } = await this._cfReader!.read()

packages/pg-cloudflare/tsconfig.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "compilerOptions": {
-    "module": "ES2020",
+    "module": "node16",
     "esModuleInterop": true,
     "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
     "strict": true,
-    "target": "ES2020",
+    "target": "es2020",
     "noImplicitAny": true,
-    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "moduleResolution": "node16",
     "sourceMap": true,
     "outDir": "dist",
     "incremental": true,

packages/pg-connection-string/.gitignore

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ lib-cov
 
 # Coverage directory used by tools like istanbul
 coverage
+.nyc_output
 
 # Grunt intermediate storage (http://gruntjs.com/creating-plugins#storing-task-files)
 .grunt
@@ -24,3 +25,6 @@ build/Release
 # see https://npmjs.org/doc/faq.html#Should-I-check-my-node_modules-folder-into-git
 node_modules
 package-lock.json
+
+# TypeScript output directory
+dist

packages/pg-connection-string/.mocharc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "extension": ["js", "ts"],
+  "require": "tsx"
+}

packages/pg-connection-string/README.md

@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@ pg-connection-string
 
 [![NPM](https://nodei.co/npm/pg-connection-string.png?compact=true)](https://nodei.co/npm/pg-connection-string/)
 
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/iceddev/pg-connection-string.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/iceddev/pg-connection-string)
-[![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/iceddev/pg-connection-string/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/iceddev/pg-connection-string?branch=master)
-
 Functions for dealing with a PostgresSQL connection string
 
 `parse` method taken from [node-postgres](https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres.git)
@@ -15,9 +12,9 @@ MIT License
 ## Usage
 
 ```js
-var parse = require('pg-connection-string').parse;
+const parse = require('pg-connection-string').parse;
 
-var config = parse('postgres://someuser:somepassword@somehost:381/somedatabase')
+const config = parse('postgres://someuser:somepassword@somehost:381/somedatabase')
 ```
 
 The resulting config contains a subset of the following properties:
@@ -35,6 +32,27 @@ The resulting config contains a subset of the following properties:
   * `ca`
 * any other query parameters (for example, `application_name`) are preserved intact.
 
+### ClientConfig Compatibility for TypeScript
+
+The pg-connection-string `ConnectionOptions` interface is not compatible with the `ClientConfig` interface that [pg.Client](https://node-postgres.com/apis/client) expects. To remedy this, use the `parseIntoClientConfig` function instead of `parse`:
+
+```ts
+import { ClientConfig } from 'pg';
+import { parseIntoClientConfig } from 'pg-connection-string';
+
+const config: ClientConfig = parseIntoClientConfig('postgres://someuser:somepassword@somehost:381/somedatabase')
+```
+
+You can also use `toClientConfig` to convert an existing `ConnectionOptions` interface into a `ClientConfig` interface:
+
+```ts
+import { ClientConfig } from 'pg';
+import { parse, toClientConfig } from 'pg-connection-string';
+
+const config = parse('postgres://someuser:somepassword@somehost:381/somedatabase')
+const clientConfig: ClientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+```
+
 ## Connection Strings
 
 The short summary of acceptable URLs is:
@@ -66,12 +84,22 @@ Query parameters follow a `?` character, including the following special query p
  * `host=<host>` - sets `host` property, overriding the URL's host
  * `encoding=<encoding>` - sets the `client_encoding` property
  * `ssl=1`, `ssl=true`, `ssl=0`, `ssl=false` - sets `ssl` to true or false, accordingly
- * `sslmode=<sslmode>`
+ * `uselibpqcompat=true` - use libpq semantics
+ * `sslmode=<sslmode>` when `uselibpqcompat=true` is not set
    * `sslmode=disable` - sets `ssl` to false
    * `sslmode=no-verify` - sets `ssl` to `{ rejectUnauthorized: false }`
    * `sslmode=prefer`, `sslmode=require`, `sslmode=verify-ca`, `sslmode=verify-full` - sets `ssl` to true
+ * `sslmode=<sslmode>` when `uselibpqcompat=true`
+   * `sslmode=disable` - sets `ssl` to false
+   * `sslmode=prefer` - sets `ssl` to `{ rejectUnauthorized: false }`
+   * `sslmode=require` - sets `ssl` to `{ rejectUnauthorized: false }` unless `sslrootcert` is specified, in which case it behaves like `verify-ca`
+   * `sslmode=verify-ca` - sets `ssl` to `{ checkServerIdentity: no-op }` (verify CA, but not server identity). This verifies the presented certificate against the effective CA specified in sslrootcert.
+   * `sslmode=verify-full` - sets `ssl` to `{}` (verify CA and server identity)
  * `sslcert=<filename>` - reads data from the given file and includes the result as `ssl.cert`
  * `sslkey=<filename>` - reads data from the given file and includes the result as `ssl.key`
  * `sslrootcert=<filename>` - reads data from the given file and includes the result as `ssl.ca`
 
 A bare relative URL, such as `salesdata`, will indicate a database name while leaving other properties empty.
+
+> [!CAUTION]
+> Choosing an sslmode other than verify-full has serious security implications. Please read https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html#LIBPQ-SSL-SSLMODE-STATEMENTS to understand the trade-offs.

packages/pg-connection-string/esm/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// ESM wrapper for pg-connection-string
+import connectionString from '../index.js'
+
+// Re-export the parse function
+export default connectionString.parse
+export const parse = connectionString.parse
+export const toClientConfig = connectionString.toClientConfig
+export const parseIntoClientConfig = connectionString.parseIntoClientConfig

packages/pg-connection-string/index.d.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,18 @@
-export function parse(connectionString: string): ConnectionOptions
+import { ClientConfig } from 'pg'
+
+export function parse(connectionString: string, options?: Options): ConnectionOptions
+
+export interface Options {
+  // Use libpq semantics when interpreting the connection string
+  useLibpqCompat?: boolean
+}
+
+interface SSLConfig {
+  ca?: string
+  cert?: string | null
+  key?: string
+  rejectUnauthorized?: boolean
+}
 
 export interface ConnectionOptions {
   host: string | null
@@ -7,9 +21,16 @@ export interface ConnectionOptions {
   port?: string | null
   database: string | null | undefined
   client_encoding?: string
-  ssl?: boolean | string
+  ssl?: boolean | string | SSLConfig
 
   application_name?: string
   fallback_application_name?: string
   options?: string
+  keepalives?: number
+
+  // We allow any other options to be passed through
+  [key: string]: unknown
 }
+
+export function toClientConfig(config: ConnectionOptions): ClientConfig
+export function parseIntoClientConfig(connectionString: string): ClientConfig

packages/pg-connection-string/index.js

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 'use strict'
 
+const { emitWarning } = require('node:process')
+
 //Parse method copied from https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres
 //Copyright (c) 2010-2014 Brian Carlson (brian.m.carlson@gmail.com)
 //MIT License
 
 //parses a connection string
-function parse(str) {
+function parse(str, options = {}) {
   //unix socket
   if (str.charAt(0) === '/') {
     const config = str.split(' ')
@@ -19,9 +21,10 @@ function parse(str) {
   let dummyHost = false
   if (/ |%[^a-f0-9]|%[a-f0-9][^a-f0-9]/i.test(str)) {
     // Ensure spaces are encoded as %20
-    str = encodeURI(str).replace(/\%25(\d\d)/g, '%$1')
+    str = encodeURI(str).replace(/%25(\d\d)/g, '%$1')
   }
 
+  try {
     try {
       result = new URL(str, 'postgres://base')
     } catch (e) {
@@ -29,6 +32,11 @@ function parse(str) {
       result = new URL(str.replace('@/', '@___DUMMY___/'), 'postgres://base')
       dummyHost = true
     }
+  } catch (err) {
+    // Remove the input from the error message to avoid leaking sensitive information
+    err.input && (err.input = '*****REDACTED*****')
+    throw err
+  }
 
   // We'd like to use Object.fromEntries() here but Node.js 10 does not support it
   for (const entry of result.searchParams.entries()) {
@@ -87,6 +95,43 @@ function parse(str) {
     config.ssl.ca = fs.readFileSync(config.sslrootcert).toString()
   }
 
+  if (options.useLibpqCompat && config.uselibpqcompat) {
+    throw new Error('Both useLibpqCompat and uselibpqcompat are set. Please use only one of them.')
+  }
+
+  if (config.uselibpqcompat === 'true' || options.useLibpqCompat) {
+    switch (config.sslmode) {
+      case 'disable': {
+        config.ssl = false
+        break
+      }
+      case 'prefer': {
+        config.ssl.rejectUnauthorized = false
+        break
+      }
+      case 'require': {
+        if (config.sslrootcert) {
+          // If a root CA is specified, behavior of `sslmode=require` will be the same as that of `verify-ca`
+          config.ssl.checkServerIdentity = function () {}
+        } else {
+          config.ssl.rejectUnauthorized = false
+        }
+        break
+      }
+      case 'verify-ca': {
+        if (!config.ssl.ca) {
+          throw new Error(
+            'SECURITY WARNING: Using sslmode=verify-ca requires specifying a CA with sslrootcert. If a public CA is used, verify-ca allows connections to a server that somebody else may have registered with the CA, making you vulnerable to Man-in-the-Middle attacks. Either specify a custom CA certificate with sslrootcert parameter or use sslmode=verify-full for proper security.'
+          )
+        }
+        config.ssl.checkServerIdentity = function () {}
+        break
+      }
+      case 'verify-full': {
+        break
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
     switch (config.sslmode) {
       case 'disable': {
         config.ssl = false
@@ -96,6 +141,9 @@ function parse(str) {
       case 'require':
       case 'verify-ca':
       case 'verify-full': {
+        if (config.sslmode !== 'verify-full') {
+          deprecatedSslModeWarning(config.sslmode)
+        }
         break
       }
       case 'no-verify': {
@@ -103,10 +151,83 @@ function parse(str) {
         break
       }
     }
+  }
 
   return config
 }
 
+// convert pg-connection-string ssl config to a ClientConfig.ConnectionOptions
+function toConnectionOptions(sslConfig) {
+  const connectionOptions = Object.entries(sslConfig).reduce((c, [key, value]) => {
+    // we explicitly check for undefined and null instead of `if (value)` because some
+    // options accept falsy values. Example: `ssl.rejectUnauthorized = false`
+    if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
+      c[key] = value
+    }
+
+    return c
+  }, {})
+
+  return connectionOptions
+}
+
+// convert pg-connection-string config to a ClientConfig
+function toClientConfig(config) {
+  const poolConfig = Object.entries(config).reduce((c, [key, value]) => {
+    if (key === 'ssl') {
+      const sslConfig = value
+
+      if (typeof sslConfig === 'boolean') {
+        c[key] = sslConfig
+      }
+
+      if (typeof sslConfig === 'object') {
+        c[key] = toConnectionOptions(sslConfig)
+      }
+    } else if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
+      if (key === 'port') {
+        // when port is not specified, it is converted into an empty string
+        // we want to avoid NaN or empty string as a values in ClientConfig
+        if (value !== '') {
+          const v = parseInt(value, 10)
+          if (isNaN(v)) {
+            throw new Error(`Invalid ${key}: ${value}`)
+          }
+
+          c[key] = v
+        }
+      } else {
+        c[key] = value
+      }
+    }
+
+    return c
+  }, {})
+
+  return poolConfig
+}
+
+// parses a connection string into ClientConfig
+function parseIntoClientConfig(str) {
+  return toClientConfig(parse(str))
+}
+
+function deprecatedSslModeWarning(sslmode) {
+  if (!deprecatedSslModeWarning.warned) {
+    deprecatedSslModeWarning.warned = true
+    emitWarning(`SECURITY WARNING: The SSL modes 'prefer', 'require', and 'verify-ca' are treated as aliases for 'verify-full'.
+In the next major version (pg-connection-string v3.0.0 and pg v9.0.0), these modes will adopt standard libpq semantics, which have weaker security guarantees.
+
+To prepare for this change:
+- If you want the current behavior, explicitly use 'sslmode=verify-full'
+- If you want libpq compatibility now, use 'uselibpqcompat=true&sslmode=${sslmode}'
+
+See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html for libpq SSL mode definitions.`)
+  }
+}
+
 module.exports = parse
 
 parse.parse = parse
+parse.toClientConfig = toClientConfig
+parse.parseIntoClientConfig = parseIntoClientConfig

packages/pg-connection-string/package.json

@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
 {
   "name": "pg-connection-string",
-  "version": "2.7.0",
+  "version": "2.9.1",
   "description": "Functions for dealing with a PostgresSQL connection string",
   "main": "./index.js",
   "types": "./index.d.ts",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./index.d.ts",
+      "import": "./esm/index.mjs",
+      "require": "./index.js",
+      "default": "./index.js"
+    }
+  },
   "scripts": {
-    "test": "istanbul cover _mocha && npm run check-coverage",
+    "test": "nyc --reporter=lcov mocha && npm run check-coverage",
-    "check-coverage": "istanbul check-coverage --statements 100 --branches 100 --lines 100 --functions 100",
+    "check-coverage": "nyc check-coverage --statements 100 --branches 100 --lines 100 --functions 100"
-    "coveralls": "cat ./coverage/lcov.info | ./node_modules/.bin/coveralls"
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
@@ -27,13 +34,18 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/tree/master/packages/pg-connection-string",
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/pg": "^8.12.0",
     "chai": "^4.1.1",
     "coveralls": "^3.0.4",
     "istanbul": "^0.4.5",
-    "mocha": "^10.5.2"
+    "mocha": "^10.5.2",
+    "nyc": "^15",
+    "tsx": "^4.19.4",
+    "typescript": "^4.0.3"
   },
   "files": [
     "index.js",
-    "index.d.ts"
+    "index.d.ts",
+    "esm"
   ]
 }

packages/pg-connection-string/test/clientConfig.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import chai from 'chai'
+const expect = chai.expect
+chai.should()
+
+import { parse, toClientConfig, parseIntoClientConfig } from '../'
+
+describe('toClientConfig', function () {
+  it('converts connection info', function () {
+    const config = parse('postgres://brian:pw@boom:381/lala')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.user?.should.equal('brian')
+    clientConfig.password?.should.equal('pw')
+    clientConfig.host?.should.equal('boom')
+    clientConfig.port?.should.equal(381)
+    clientConfig.database?.should.equal('lala')
+  })
+
+  it('converts query params', function () {
+    const config = parse(
+      'postgres:///?application_name=TheApp&fallback_application_name=TheAppFallback&client_encoding=utf8&options=-c geqo=off'
+    )
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.application_name?.should.equal('TheApp')
+    clientConfig.fallback_application_name?.should.equal('TheAppFallback')
+    clientConfig.client_encoding?.should.equal('utf8')
+    clientConfig.options?.should.equal('-c geqo=off')
+  })
+
+  it('converts SSL boolean', function () {
+    const config = parse('pg:///?ssl=true')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('converts sslmode=disable', function () {
+    const config = parse('pg:///?sslmode=disable')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.equal(false)
+  })
+
+  it('converts sslmode=noverify', function () {
+    const config = parse('pg:///?sslmode=no-verify')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.deep.equal({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('converts other sslmode options', function () {
+    const config = parse('pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.deep.equal({})
+  })
+
+  it('converts other sslmode options', function () {
+    const config = parse('pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.deep.equal({})
+  })
+
+  it('converts ssl cert options', function () {
+    const connectionString =
+      'pg:///?sslcert=' +
+      __dirname +
+      '/example.cert&sslkey=' +
+      __dirname +
+      '/example.key&sslrootcert=' +
+      __dirname +
+      '/example.ca'
+    const config = parse(connectionString)
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.deep.equal({
+      ca: 'example ca\n',
+      cert: 'example cert\n',
+      key: 'example key\n',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('converts unix domain sockets', function () {
+    const config = parse('socket:/some path/?db=my[db]&encoding=utf8&client_encoding=bogus')
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+    clientConfig.host?.should.equal('/some path/')
+    clientConfig.database?.should.equal('my[db]', 'must to be escaped and unescaped through "my%5Bdb%5D"')
+    clientConfig.client_encoding?.should.equal('utf8')
+  })
+
+  it('handles invalid port', function () {
+    const config = parse('postgres://@boom:381/lala')
+    config.port = 'bogus'
+    expect(() => toClientConfig(config)).to.throw()
+  })
+
+  it('handles invalid sslconfig values', function () {
+    const config = parse('postgres://@boom/lala')
+    config.ssl = {}
+    config.ssl.cert = null
+    config.ssl.key = undefined
+
+    const clientConfig = toClientConfig(config)
+
+    clientConfig.host?.should.equal('boom')
+    clientConfig.database?.should.equal('lala')
+    clientConfig.ssl?.should.deep.equal({})
+  })
+})
+
+describe('parseIntoClientConfig', function () {
+  it('converts url', function () {
+    const clientConfig = parseIntoClientConfig('postgres://brian:pw@boom:381/lala')
+
+    clientConfig.user?.should.equal('brian')
+    clientConfig.password?.should.equal('pw')
+    clientConfig.host?.should.equal('boom')
+    clientConfig.port?.should.equal(381)
+    clientConfig.database?.should.equal('lala')
+  })
+})

packages/pg-connection-string/test/parse.js

@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
-'use strict'
-
-var chai = require('chai')
-chai.should()
-
-var parse = require('../').parse
-
-describe('parse', function () {
-  it('using connection string in client constructor', function () {
-    var subject = parse('postgres://brian:pw@boom:381/lala')
-    subject.user.should.equal('brian')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pw')
-    subject.host.should.equal('boom')
-    subject.port.should.equal('381')
-    subject.database.should.equal('lala')
-  })
-
-  it('escape spaces if present', function () {
-    var subject = parse('postgres://localhost/post gres')
-    subject.database.should.equal('post gres')
-  })
-
-  it('do not double escape spaces', function () {
-    var subject = parse('postgres://localhost/post%20gres')
-    subject.database.should.equal('post gres')
-  })
-
-  it('initializing with unix domain socket', function () {
-    var subject = parse('/var/run/')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/var/run/')
-  })
-
-  it('initializing with unix domain socket and a specific database, the simple way', function () {
-    var subject = parse('/var/run/ mydb')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/var/run/')
-    subject.database.should.equal('mydb')
-  })
-
-  it('initializing with unix domain socket, the health way', function () {
-    var subject = parse('socket:/some path/?db=my[db]&encoding=utf8')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/some path/')
-    subject.database.should.equal('my[db]', 'must to be escaped and unescaped trough "my%5Bdb%5D"')
-    subject.client_encoding.should.equal('utf8')
-  })
-
-  it('initializing with unix domain socket, the escaped health way', function () {
-    var subject = parse('socket:/some%20path/?db=my%2Bdb&encoding=utf8')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/some path/')
-    subject.database.should.equal('my+db')
-    subject.client_encoding.should.equal('utf8')
-  })
-
-  it('initializing with unix domain socket, username and password', function () {
-    var subject = parse('socket://brian:pw@/var/run/?db=mydb')
-    subject.user.should.equal('brian')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pw')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/var/run/')
-    subject.database.should.equal('mydb')
-  })
-
-  it('password contains  < and/or >  characters', function () {
-    var sourceConfig = {
-      user: 'brian',
-      password: 'hello<ther>e',
-      host: 'localhost',
-      port: 5432,
-      database: 'postgres',
-    }
-    var connectionString =
-      'postgres://' +
-      sourceConfig.user +
-      ':' +
-      sourceConfig.password +
-      '@' +
-      sourceConfig.host +
-      ':' +
-      sourceConfig.port +
-      '/' +
-      sourceConfig.database
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.password.should.equal(sourceConfig.password)
-  })
-
-  it('password contains colons', function () {
-    var sourceConfig = {
-      user: 'brian',
-      password: 'hello:pass:world',
-      host: 'localhost',
-      port: 5432,
-      database: 'postgres',
-    }
-    var connectionString =
-      'postgres://' +
-      sourceConfig.user +
-      ':' +
-      sourceConfig.password +
-      '@' +
-      sourceConfig.host +
-      ':' +
-      sourceConfig.port +
-      '/' +
-      sourceConfig.database
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.password.should.equal(sourceConfig.password)
-  })
-
-  it('username or password contains weird characters', function () {
-    var strang = 'pg://my f%irst name:is&%awesome!@localhost:9000'
-    var subject = parse(strang)
-    subject.user.should.equal('my f%irst name')
-    subject.password.should.equal('is&%awesome!')
-    subject.host.should.equal('localhost')
-  })
-
-  it('url is properly encoded', function () {
-    var encoded = 'pg://bi%25na%25%25ry%20:s%40f%23@localhost/%20u%2520rl'
-    var subject = parse(encoded)
-    subject.user.should.equal('bi%na%%ry ')
-    subject.password.should.equal('s@f#')
-    subject.host.should.equal('localhost')
-    subject.database.should.equal(' u%20rl')
-  })
-
-  it('relative url sets database', function () {
-    var relative = 'different_db_on_default_host'
-    var subject = parse(relative)
-    subject.database.should.equal('different_db_on_default_host')
-  })
-
-  it('no pathname returns null database', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://myhost')
-    ;(subject.database === null).should.equal(true)
-  })
-
-  it('pathname of "/" returns null database', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://myhost/')
-    subject.host.should.equal('myhost')
-    ;(subject.database === null).should.equal(true)
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter host', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://user:pass@/dbname?host=/unix/socket')
-    subject.user.should.equal('user')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pass')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/unix/socket')
-    subject.database.should.equal('dbname')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter host overrides url host', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://user:pass@localhost/dbname?host=/unix/socket')
-    subject.database.should.equal('dbname')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/unix/socket')
-  })
-
-  it('url with encoded socket', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://user:pass@%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname')
-    subject.user.should.equal('user')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pass')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/unix/socket')
-    subject.database.should.equal('dbname')
-  })
-
-  it('url with real host and an encoded db name', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://user:pass@localhost/%2Fdbname')
-    subject.user.should.equal('user')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pass')
-    subject.host.should.equal('localhost')
-    subject.database.should.equal('%2Fdbname')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter host treats encoded host as part of the db name', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://user:pass@%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname?host=localhost')
-    subject.user.should.equal('user')
-    subject.password.should.equal('pass')
-    subject.host.should.equal('localhost')
-    subject.database.should.equal('%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter application_name', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?application_name=TheApp'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.application_name.should.equal('TheApp')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter fallback_application_name', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?fallback_application_name=TheAppFallback'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.fallback_application_name.should.equal('TheAppFallback')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter options', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?options=-c geqo=off'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.options.should.equal('-c geqo=off')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter ssl=true', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=true'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.equal(true)
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter ssl=1', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=1'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.equal(true)
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter ssl=0', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=0'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.equal(false)
-  })
-
-  it('set ssl', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://myhost/db?ssl=1')
-    subject.ssl.should.equal(true)
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslcert=/path/to/cert', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslcert=' + __dirname + '/example.cert'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({
-      cert: 'example cert\n',
-    })
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslkey=/path/to/key', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslkey=' + __dirname + '/example.key'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({
-      key: 'example key\n',
-    })
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslrootcert=/path/to/ca', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({
-      ca: 'example ca\n',
-    })
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=no-verify', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=no-verify'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({
-      rejectUnauthorized: false,
-    })
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=disable', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=disable'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql(false)
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=prefer', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=prefer'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({})
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=require', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=require'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({})
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({})
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-full', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-full'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({})
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter ssl=true and sslmode=require still work with sslrootcert=/path/to/ca', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=true&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca&sslmode=require'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ssl.should.eql({
-      ca: 'example ca\n',
-    })
-  })
-
-  it('allow other params like max, ...', function () {
-    var subject = parse('pg://myhost/db?max=18&min=4')
-    subject.max.should.equal('18')
-    subject.min.should.equal('4')
-  })
-
-  it('configuration parameter keepalives', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?keepalives=1'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.keepalives.should.equal('1')
-  })
-
-  it('unknown configuration parameter is passed into client', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?ThereIsNoSuchPostgresParameter=1234'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.ThereIsNoSuchPostgresParameter.should.equal('1234')
-  })
-
-  it('do not override a config field with value from query string', function () {
-    var subject = parse('socket:/some path/?db=my[db]&encoding=utf8&client_encoding=bogus')
-    subject.host.should.equal('/some path/')
-    subject.database.should.equal('my[db]', 'must to be escaped and unescaped through "my%5Bdb%5D"')
-    subject.client_encoding.should.equal('utf8')
-  })
-
-  it('return last value of repeated parameter', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'pg:///?keepalives=1&keepalives=0'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.keepalives.should.equal('0')
-  })
-
-  it('use the port specified in the query parameters', function () {
-    var connectionString = 'postgres:///?host=localhost&port=1234'
-    var subject = parse(connectionString)
-    subject.port.should.equal('1234')
-  })
-})

packages/pg-connection-string/test/parse.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
+import chai from 'chai'
+const expect = chai.expect
+chai.should()
+
+import { parse } from '../'
+
+describe('parse', function () {
+  it('using connection string in client constructor', function () {
+    const subject = parse('postgres://brian:pw@boom:381/lala')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('brian')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pw')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('boom')
+    subject.port?.should.equal('381')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('lala')
+  })
+
+  it('escape spaces if present', function () {
+    const subject = parse('postgres://localhost/post gres')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('post gres')
+  })
+
+  it('do not double escape spaces', function () {
+    const subject = parse('postgres://localhost/post%20gres')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('post gres')
+  })
+
+  it('initializing with unix domain socket', function () {
+    const subject = parse('/const/run/')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/const/run/')
+  })
+
+  it('initializing with unix domain socket and a specific database, the simple way', function () {
+    const subject = parse('/const/run/ mydb')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/const/run/')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('mydb')
+  })
+
+  it('initializing with unix domain socket, the health way', function () {
+    const subject = parse('socket:/some path/?db=my[db]&encoding=utf8')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/some path/')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('my[db]', 'must to be escaped and unescaped trough "my%5Bdb%5D"')
+    subject.client_encoding?.should.equal('utf8')
+  })
+
+  it('initializing with unix domain socket, the escaped health way', function () {
+    const subject = parse('socket:/some%20path/?db=my%2Bdb&encoding=utf8')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/some path/')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('my+db')
+    subject.client_encoding?.should.equal('utf8')
+  })
+
+  it('initializing with unix domain socket, username and password', function () {
+    const subject = parse('socket://brian:pw@/const/run/?db=mydb')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('brian')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pw')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/const/run/')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('mydb')
+  })
+
+  it('password contains  < and/or >  characters', function () {
+    const sourceConfig = {
+      user: 'brian',
+      password: 'hello<ther>e',
+      host: 'localhost',
+      port: 5432,
+      database: 'postgres',
+    }
+    const connectionString =
+      'postgres://' +
+      sourceConfig.user +
+      ':' +
+      sourceConfig.password +
+      '@' +
+      sourceConfig.host +
+      ':' +
+      sourceConfig.port +
+      '/' +
+      sourceConfig.database
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.password?.should.equal(sourceConfig.password)
+  })
+
+  it('password contains colons', function () {
+    const sourceConfig = {
+      user: 'brian',
+      password: 'hello:pass:world',
+      host: 'localhost',
+      port: 5432,
+      database: 'postgres',
+    }
+    const connectionString =
+      'postgres://' +
+      sourceConfig.user +
+      ':' +
+      sourceConfig.password +
+      '@' +
+      sourceConfig.host +
+      ':' +
+      sourceConfig.port +
+      '/' +
+      sourceConfig.database
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.password?.should.equal(sourceConfig.password)
+  })
+
+  it('username or password contains weird characters', function () {
+    const strang = 'pg://my f%irst name:is&%awesome!@localhost:9000'
+    const subject = parse(strang)
+    subject.user?.should.equal('my f%irst name')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('is&%awesome!')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('localhost')
+  })
+
+  it('url is properly encoded', function () {
+    const encoded = 'pg://bi%25na%25%25ry%20:s%40f%23@localhost/%20u%2520rl'
+    const subject = parse(encoded)
+    subject.user?.should.equal('bi%na%%ry ')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('s@f#')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('localhost')
+    subject.database?.should.equal(' u%20rl')
+  })
+
+  it('relative url sets database', function () {
+    const relative = 'different_db_on_default_host'
+    const subject = parse(relative)
+    subject.database?.should.equal('different_db_on_default_host')
+  })
+
+  it('no pathname returns null database', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://myhost')
+    ;(subject.database === null).should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('pathname of "/" returns null database', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://myhost/')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('myhost')
+    ;(subject.database === null).should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter host', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://user:pass@/dbname?host=/unix/socket')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('user')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pass')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/unix/socket')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('dbname')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter host overrides url host', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://user:pass@localhost/dbname?host=/unix/socket')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('dbname')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/unix/socket')
+  })
+
+  it('url with encoded socket', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://user:pass@%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('user')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pass')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/unix/socket')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('dbname')
+  })
+
+  it('url with real host and an encoded db name', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://user:pass@localhost/%2Fdbname')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('user')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pass')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('localhost')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('%2Fdbname')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter host treats encoded host as part of the db name', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://user:pass@%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname?host=localhost')
+    subject.user?.should.equal('user')
+    subject.password?.should.equal('pass')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('localhost')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('%2Funix%2Fsocket/dbname')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter application_name', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?application_name=TheApp'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.application_name?.should.equal('TheApp')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter fallback_application_name', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?fallback_application_name=TheAppFallback'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.fallback_application_name?.should.equal('TheAppFallback')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter options', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?options=-c geqo=off'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.options?.should.equal('-c geqo=off')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=true', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=1', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=1'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=0', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=0'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.equal(false)
+  })
+
+  it('set ssl', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://myhost/db?ssl=1')
+    subject.ssl?.should.equal(true)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslcert=/path/to/cert', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslcert=' + __dirname + '/example.cert'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      cert: 'example cert\n',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslkey=/path/to/key', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslkey=' + __dirname + '/example.key'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      key: 'example key\n',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslrootcert=/path/to/ca', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      ca: 'example ca\n',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=no-verify', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=no-verify'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=disable', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=disable'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql(false)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=prefer', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=prefer'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=require', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=require'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-full', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-full'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=true and sslmode=require still work with sslrootcert=/path/to/ca', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=true&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca&sslmode=require'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      ca: 'example ca\n',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=disable with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=disable&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql(false)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=prefer with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=prefer&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=require with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=require&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    expect(function () {
+      parse(connectionString)
+    }).to.throw()
+  })
+
+  it('when throwing on invalid url does not print out the password in the error message', function () {
+    const host = 'localhost'
+    const port = 5432
+    const user = 'user'
+    const password = 'g#4624$@F$#v`'
+    const database = 'db'
+
+    const connectionString = `postgres://${user}:${password}@${host}:${port}/${database}`
+    expect(function () {
+      parse(connectionString)
+    }).to.throw()
+    try {
+      parse(connectionString)
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      expect(JSON.stringify(err)).to.not.include(password, 'Password should not be in the error message')
+      expect(JSON.stringify(err)).to.include('REDACTED', 'The thrown error should contain the redacted URL')
+      return
+    }
+    throw new Error('Expected an error to be thrown')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca and sslrootcert with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca&uselibpqcompat=true&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('checkServerIdentity').that.is.a('function')
+    // We prove above that the checkServerIdentity function is defined
+    //
+    // FIXME: remove this if we upgrade to TypeScript 5
+    // @ts-ignore
+    expect(subject.ssl.checkServerIdentity()).be.undefined
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-full with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-full&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=true and sslmode=require still work with sslrootcert=/path/to/ca with uselibpqcompat query param', function () {
+    const connectionString =
+      'pg:///?ssl=true&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca&sslmode=require&uselibpqcompat=true'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('ca', 'example ca\n')
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('checkServerIdentity').that.is.a('function')
+    // We prove above that the checkServerIdentity function is defined
+    //
+    // FIXME: remove this if we upgrade to TypeScript 5
+    // @ts-ignore
+    expect(subject.ssl?.checkServerIdentity()).be.undefined
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=disable with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=disable'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql(false)
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=prefer with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=prefer'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=require with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=require'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca'
+    expect(function () {
+      parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    }).to.throw()
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-ca and sslrootcert with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-ca&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('checkServerIdentity').that.is.a('function')
+    // We prove above that the checkServerIdentity function is defined
+    //
+    // FIXME: remove this if we upgrade to TypeScript 5
+    // @ts-ignore
+    expect(subject.ssl?.checkServerIdentity()).be.undefined
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter sslmode=verify-full with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?sslmode=verify-full'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.eql({})
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter ssl=true and sslmode=require still work with sslrootcert=/path/to/ca with useLibpqCompat option', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ssl=true&sslrootcert=' + __dirname + '/example.ca&sslmode=require'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('ca', 'example ca\n')
+    subject.ssl?.should.have.property('checkServerIdentity').that.is.a('function')
+    // We prove above that the checkServerIdentity function is defined
+    //
+    // FIXME: remove this if we upgrade to TypeScript 5
+    // @ts-ignore
+    expect(subject.ssl?.checkServerIdentity()).be.undefined
+  })
+
+  it('does not allow uselibpqcompat query parameter and useLibpqCompat option at the same time', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?uselibpqcompat=true'
+    expect(function () {
+      parse(connectionString, { useLibpqCompat: true })
+    }).to.throw()
+  })
+
+  it('allow other params like max, ...', function () {
+    const subject = parse('pg://myhost/db?max=18&min=4')
+    subject.max?.should.equal('18')
+    subject.min?.should.equal('4')
+  })
+
+  it('configuration parameter keepalives', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?keepalives=1'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.keepalives?.should.equal('1')
+  })
+
+  it('unknown configuration parameter is passed into client', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?ThereIsNoSuchPostgresParameter=1234'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.ThereIsNoSuchPostgresParameter?.should.equal('1234')
+  })
+
+  it('do not override a config field with value from query string', function () {
+    const subject = parse('socket:/some path/?db=my[db]&encoding=utf8&client_encoding=bogus')
+    subject.host?.should.equal('/some path/')
+    subject.database?.should.equal('my[db]', 'must to be escaped and unescaped through "my%5Bdb%5D"')
+    subject.client_encoding?.should.equal('utf8')
+  })
+
+  it('return last value of repeated parameter', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'pg:///?keepalives=1&keepalives=0'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.keepalives?.should.equal('0')
+  })
+
+  it('use the port specified in the query parameters', function () {
+    const connectionString = 'postgres:///?host=localhost&port=1234'
+    const subject = parse(connectionString)
+    subject.port?.should.equal('1234')
+  })
+})

packages/pg-connection-string/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "module": "commonjs",
+    "esModuleInterop": true,
+    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
+    "strict": true,
+    "target": "es6",
+    "noImplicitAny": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "sourceMap": true,
+    "outDir": "dist",
+    "incremental": true,
+    "baseUrl": ".",
+    "declaration": true
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "test/**/*"
+  ]
+}

packages/pg-cursor/esm/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// ESM wrapper for pg-cursor
+import Cursor from '../index.js'
+
+// Export as default only to match CJS module
+export default Cursor

packages/pg-cursor/index.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 'use strict'
+// note: can remove these deep requires when we bump min version of pg to 9.x
 const Result = require('pg/lib/result.js')
 const prepare = require('pg/lib/utils.js').prepareValue
 const EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter

packages/pg-cursor/package.json

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
 {
   "name": "pg-cursor",
-  "version": "2.12.1",
+  "version": "2.15.3",
   "description": "Query cursor extension for node-postgres",
   "main": "index.js",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "import": "./esm/index.mjs",
+      "require": "./index.js",
+      "default": "./index.js"
+    }
+  },
   "directories": {
     "test": "test"
   },
@@ -18,9 +25,13 @@
   "license": "MIT",
   "devDependencies": {
     "mocha": "^10.5.2",
-    "pg": "^8.13.1"
+    "pg": "^8.16.3"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
     "pg": "^8"
-  }
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "index.js",
+    "esm"
+  ]
 }

packages/pg-esm-test/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+This is an internal package for node-postgres used to test esm & cjs module export compatibility.
+
+The only thing you really need to do is `yarn && yarn test` from the root of the project & these tests will run as well as all the other tests. So, basically, you can ignore this. 😄

packages/pg-esm-test/common-js-imports.test.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+const assert = require('node:assert')
+const test = require('node:test')
+const { describe, it } = test
+
+const paths = [
+  'pg',
+  'pg/lib/index.js',
+  'pg/lib/index',
+  'pg/lib/connection-parameters',
+  'pg/lib/connection-parameters.js',
+  'pg/lib/type-overrides',
+  'pg-protocol/dist/messages.js',
+  'pg-protocol/dist/messages',
+  'pg-native/lib/build-result.js',
+  'pg-cloudflare/package.json',
+]
+for (const path of paths) {
+  describe(`importing ${path}`, () => {
+    it('works with require', () => {
+      const mod = require(path)
+      assert(mod)
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+describe('pg-native', () => {
+  it('should work with commonjs', async () => {
+    const pg = require('pg')
+
+    const pool = new pg.native.Pool()
+    const result = await pool.query('SELECT 1')
+    assert.strictEqual(result.rowCount, 1)
+    pool.end()
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "name": "pg-esm-test",
+  "version": "1.2.3",
+  "description": "A test module for PostgreSQL with ESM support",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "type": "module",
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "node --test --conditions=workerd"
+  },
+  "keywords": [
+    "postgres",
+    "postgresql",
+    "esm",
+    "test"
+  ],
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "pg": "^8.16.3",
+    "pg-cloudflare": "^1.2.7",
+    "pg-cursor": "^2.15.3",
+    "pg-native": "^3.5.2",
+    "pg-pool": "^3.10.1",
+    "pg-protocol": "^1.10.3",
+    "pg-query-stream": "^4.10.3"
+  },
+  "author": "Brian M. Carlson <brian.m.carlson@gmail.com>",
+  "license": "MIT"
+}

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-cloudflare.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import { CloudflareSocket } from 'pg-cloudflare'
+
+describe('pg-cloudflare', () => {
+  it('should export CloudflareSocket constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new CloudflareSocket())
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-connection-string.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import { parse, toClientConfig, parseIntoClientConfig } from 'pg-connection-string'
+
+describe('pg-connection-string', () => {
+  it('should export parse function', () => {
+    assert.strictEqual(typeof parse, 'function')
+  })
+
+  it('should export toClientConfig function', () => {
+    assert.strictEqual(typeof toClientConfig, 'function')
+  })
+
+  it('should export parseIntoClientConfig function', () => {
+    assert.strictEqual(typeof parseIntoClientConfig, 'function')
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-cursor.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import Cursor from 'pg-cursor'
+
+describe('pg-cursor', () => {
+  it('should export Cursor constructor as default', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Cursor())
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-native.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import Client from 'pg-native'
+
+describe('pg-native', () => {
+  it('should export Client constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Client())
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-pool.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import Pool from 'pg-pool'
+
+describe('pg-pool', () => {
+  it('should export Pool constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Pool())
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-protocol.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import protocol, { NoticeMessage, DatabaseError } from 'pg-protocol/dist/messages.js'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert'
+
+describe('pg-protocol', () => {
+  it('should export database error', () => {
+    assert.ok(DatabaseError)
+  })
+  it('should export protocol', () => {
+    assert.ok(protocol)
+    assert.ok(protocol.noData)
+    assert.ok(protocol.parseComplete)
+    assert.ok(protocol.NoticeMessage)
+  })
+  it('should export NoticeMessage from file in dist folder', () => {
+    assert.ok(NoticeMessage)
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg-query-stream.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import QueryStream from 'pg-query-stream'
+
+describe('pg-query-stream', () => {
+  it('should export QueryStream constructor as default', () => {
+    assert.ok(new QueryStream())
+  })
+})

packages/pg-esm-test/pg.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test'
+import pg, {
+  Client,
+  Pool,
+  Connection,
+  defaults,
+  types,
+  DatabaseError,
+  escapeIdentifier,
+  escapeLiteral,
+  Result,
+  TypeOverrides,
+} from 'pg'
+
+describe('pg', () => {
+  it('should export Client constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Client())
+  })
+
+  it('should export Pool constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Pool())
+  })
+
+  it('should still provide default export', () => {
+    assert.ok(new pg.Pool())
+  })
+
+  it('should export Connection constructor', () => {
+    assert.ok(new Connection())
+  })
+
+  it('should export defaults', () => {
+    assert.ok(defaults)
+  })
+
+  it('should export types', () => {
+    assert.ok(types)
+  })
+
+  it('should export DatabaseError', () => {
+    assert.ok(DatabaseError)
+  })
+
+  it('should export escapeIdentifier', () => {
+    assert.ok(escapeIdentifier)
+  })
+
+  it('should export escapeLiteral', () => {
+    assert.ok(escapeLiteral)
+  })
+
+  it('should export Result', () => {
+    assert.ok(Result)
+  })
+
+  it('should export TypeOverrides', () => {
+    assert.ok(TypeOverrides)
+  })
+})

packages/pg-native/README.md

@@ -30,40 +30,40 @@ $ npm i pg-native
 ### async
 
 ```js
-var Client = require('pg-native')
+const Client = require('pg-native')
 
-var client = new Client();
+const client = new Client();
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
 
-  //text queries
+  // text queries
   client.query('SELECT NOW() AS the_date', function(err, rows) {
     if(err) throw err
 
-    console.log(rows[0].the_date) //Tue Sep 16 2014 23:42:39 GMT-0400 (EDT)
+    console.log(rows[0].the_date) // Tue Sep 16 2014 23:42:39 GMT-0400 (EDT)
 
-    //parameterized statements
+    // parameterized statements
     client.query('SELECT $1::text as twitter_handle', ['@briancarlson'], function(err, rows) {
       if(err) throw err
 
       console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@briancarlson
     })
 
-    //prepared statements
+    // prepared statements
     client.prepare('get_twitter', 'SELECT $1::text as twitter_handle', 1, function(err) {
       if(err) throw err
 
-      //execute the prepared, named statement
+      // execute the prepared, named statement
       client.execute('get_twitter', ['@briancarlson'], function(err, rows) {
         if(err) throw err
 
         console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@briancarlson
 
-        //execute the prepared, named statement again
+        // execute the prepared, named statement again
         client.execute('get_twitter', ['@realcarrotfacts'], function(err, rows) {
           if(err) throw err
 
-          console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@realcarrotfacts
+          console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) // @realcarrotfacts
           
           client.end(function() {
             console.log('ended')
@@ -81,27 +81,27 @@ client.connect(function(err) {
 Because `pg-native` is bound to [libpq](https://github.com/brianc/node-libpq) it is able to provide _sync_ operations for both connecting and queries. This is a bad idea in _non-blocking systems_ like web servers, but is exteremly convienent in scripts and bootstrapping applications - much the same way `fs.readFileSync` comes in handy.
 
 ```js
-var Client = require('pg-native')
+const Client = require('pg-native')
 
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connectSync()
 
-//text queries
+// text queries
-var rows = client.querySync('SELECT NOW() AS the_date')
+const rows = client.querySync('SELECT NOW() AS the_date')
-console.log(rows[0].the_date) //Tue Sep 16 2014 23:42:39 GMT-0400 (EDT)
+console.log(rows[0].the_date) // Tue Sep 16 2014 23:42:39 GMT-0400 (EDT)
 
-//parameterized queries
+// parameterized queries
-var rows = client.querySync('SELECT $1::text as twitter_handle', ['@briancarlson'])
+const rows = client.querySync('SELECT $1::text as twitter_handle', ['@briancarlson'])
-console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@briancarlson
+console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) // @briancarlson
 
-//prepared statements
+// prepared statements
 client.prepareSync('get_twitter', 'SELECT $1::text as twitter_handle', 1)
 
-var rows = client.executeSync('get_twitter', ['@briancarlson'])
+const rows = client.executeSync('get_twitter', ['@briancarlson'])
-console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@briancarlson
+console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) // @briancarlson
 
-var rows = client.executeSync('get_twitter', ['@realcarrotfacts'])
+const rows = client.executeSync('get_twitter', ['@realcarrotfacts'])
-console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) //@realcarrotfacts
+console.log(rows[0].twitter_handle) // @realcarrotfacts
 ```
 
 ## api
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ Returns an `Error` to the `callback` if the connection was unsuccessful.  `callb
 ##### example
 
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
   
   console.log('connected!')
 })
 
-var client2 = new Client()
+const client2 = new Client()
 client2.connect('postgresql://user:password@host:5432/database?param=value', function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
   
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ Execute a query with the text of `queryText` and _optional_ parameters specified
 ##### example
 
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if (err) throw err
   
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Prepares a _named statement_ for later execution.  You _must_ supply the name of
 ##### example
 
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
   
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Executes a previously prepared statement on this client with the name of `statem
 
 
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
   
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ Ends the connection. Calls the _optional_ callback when the connection is termin
 ##### example
 
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connect(function(err) {
   if(err) throw err
   client.end(function() {
@@ -236,9 +236,9 @@ Cancels the active query on the client. Callback receives an error if there was
 
 ##### example
 ```js
-var client = new Client()
+const client = new Client()
 client.connectSync()
-//sleep for 100 seconds
+// sleep for 100 seconds
 client.query('select pg_sleep(100)', function(err) {
   console.log(err) // [Error: ERROR: canceling statement due to user request]
 })
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ Prepares a name statement with name of `statementName` and a query text of `quer
 
 - __`client.executeSync(statementName:string, <values:string[]>) -> results:Object[]`__
 
-Executes a previously prepared statement on this client with the name of `statementName`, passing it the optional array of query paramters as a `values` array.  Throws an `Error` if the execution fails, otherwas returns an array of results.
+Executes a previously prepared statement on this client with the name of `statementName`, passing it the optional array of query parameters as a `values` array.  Throws an `Error` if the execution fails, otherwise returns an array of results.
 
 ## testing
 

packages/pg-native/bench/index.js

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-var pg = require('pg').native
+const pg = require('pg').native
-var Native = require('../')
+const Native = require('../')
 
-var warmup = function (fn, cb) {
+const warmup = function (fn, cb) {
-  var count = 0
+  let count = 0
-  var max = 10
+  const max = 10
-  var run = function (err) {
+  const run = function (err) {
     if (err) return cb(err)
 
     if (max >= count++) {
@@ -16,32 +16,32 @@ var warmup = function (fn, cb) {
   run()
 }
 
-var native = Native()
+const native = Native()
 native.connectSync()
 
-var queryText = 'SELECT generate_series(0, 1000)'
+const queryText = 'SELECT generate_series(0, 1000) as X, generate_series(0, 1000) as Y, generate_series(0, 1000) as Z'
-var client = new pg.Client()
+const client = new pg.Client()
 client.connect(function () {
-  var pure = function (cb) {
+  const pure = function (cb) {
     client.query(queryText, function (err) {
       if (err) throw err
       cb(err)
     })
   }
-  var nativeQuery = function (cb) {
+  const nativeQuery = function (cb) {
     native.query(queryText, function (err) {
       if (err) throw err
       cb(err)
     })
   }
 
-  var run = function () {
+  const run = function () {
-    var start = Date.now()
+    console.time('pure')
     warmup(pure, function () {
-      console.log('pure done', Date.now() - start)
+      console.timeEnd('pure')
-      start = Date.now()
+      console.time('native')
       warmup(nativeQuery, function () {
-        console.log('native done', Date.now() - start)
+        console.timeEnd('native')
       })
     })
   }

packages/pg-native/bench/leaks.js

@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var async = require('async')
+const async = require('async')
 
-var loop = function () {
+const loop = function () {
-  var client = new Client()
+  const client = new Client()
 
-  var connect = function (cb) {
+  const connect = function (cb) {
     client.connect(cb)
   }
 
-  var simpleQuery = function (cb) {
+  const simpleQuery = function (cb) {
     client.query('SELECT NOW()', cb)
   }
 
-  var paramsQuery = function (cb) {
+  const paramsQuery = function (cb) {
     client.query('SELECT $1::text as name', ['Brian'], cb)
   }
 
-  var prepared = function (cb) {
+  const prepared = function (cb) {
     client.prepare('test', 'SELECT $1::text as name', 1, function (err) {
       if (err) return cb(err)
       client.execute('test', ['Brian'], cb)
     })
   }
 
-  var sync = function (cb) {
+  const sync = function (cb) {
     client.querySync('SELECT NOW()')
     client.querySync('SELECT $1::text as name', ['Brian'])
     client.prepareSync('boom', 'SELECT $1::text as name', 1)
@@ -31,16 +31,16 @@ var loop = function () {
     setImmediate(cb)
   }
 
-  var end = function (cb) {
+  const end = function (cb) {
     client.end(cb)
   }
 
-  var ops = [connect, simpleQuery, paramsQuery, prepared, sync, end]
+  const ops = [connect, simpleQuery, paramsQuery, prepared, sync, end]
 
-  var start = Date.now()
+  const start = performance.now()
   async.series(ops, function (err) {
     if (err) throw err
-    console.log(Date.now() - start)
+    console.log(performance.now() - start)
     setImmediate(loop)
   })
 }

packages/pg-native/esm/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// ESM wrapper for pg-native
+import Client from '../index.js'
+
+// Export as default only to match CJS module
+export default Client

packages/pg-native/index.js

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-var Libpq = require('libpq')
+const Libpq = require('libpq')
-var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter
+const EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter
-var util = require('util')
+const util = require('util')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
-var types = require('pg-types')
+const types = require('pg-types')
-var buildResult = require('./lib/build-result')
+const buildResult = require('./lib/build-result')
-var CopyStream = require('./lib/copy-stream')
+const CopyStream = require('./lib/copy-stream')
 
-var Client = (module.exports = function (config) {
+const Client = (module.exports = function (config) {
   if (!(this instanceof Client)) {
     return new Client(config)
   }
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ var Client = (module.exports = function (config) {
   this._reading = false
   this._read = this._read.bind(this)
 
-  // allow custom type converstion to be passed in
+  // allow custom type conversion to be passed in
   this._types = config.types || types
 
   // allow config to specify returning results
@@ -51,34 +51,31 @@ Client.prototype.connectSync = function (params) {
 }
 
 Client.prototype.query = function (text, values, cb) {
-  var queryFn
+  let queryFn
 
   if (typeof values === 'function') {
     cb = values
   }
 
   if (Array.isArray(values)) {
-    queryFn = function () {
+    queryFn = () => {
-      return self.pq.sendQueryParams(text, values)
+      return this.pq.sendQueryParams(text, values)
     }
   } else {
-    queryFn = function () {
+    queryFn = () => {
-      return self.pq.sendQuery(text)
+      return this.pq.sendQuery(text)
     }
   }
 
-  var self = this
+  this._dispatchQuery(this.pq, queryFn, (err) => {
-
-  self._dispatchQuery(self.pq, queryFn, function (err) {
     if (err) return cb(err)
-
+    this._awaitResult(cb)
-    self._awaitResult(cb)
   })
 }
 
 Client.prototype.prepare = function (statementName, text, nParams, cb) {
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
-  var fn = function () {
+  const fn = function () {
     return self.pq.sendPrepare(statementName, text, nParams)
   }
 
@@ -89,9 +86,9 @@ Client.prototype.prepare = function (statementName, text, nParams, cb) {
 }
 
 Client.prototype.execute = function (statementName, parameters, cb) {
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
 
-  var fn = function () {
+  const fn = function () {
     return self.pq.sendQueryPrepared(statementName, parameters)
   }
 
@@ -111,7 +108,7 @@ Client.prototype.getCopyStream = function () {
 Client.prototype.cancel = function (cb) {
   assert(cb, 'Callback is required')
   // result is either true or a string containing an error
-  var result = this.pq.cancel()
+  const result = this.pq.cancel()
   return setImmediate(function () {
     cb(result === true ? undefined : new Error(result))
   })
@@ -158,7 +155,7 @@ Client.prototype.end = function (cb) {
 }
 
 Client.prototype._readError = function (message) {
-  var err = new Error(message || this.pq.errorMessage())
+  const err = new Error(message || this.pq.errorMessage())
   this.emit('error', err)
 }
 
@@ -174,7 +171,7 @@ Client.prototype._consumeQueryResults = function (pq) {
 }
 
 Client.prototype._emitResult = function (pq) {
-  var status = pq.resultStatus()
+  const status = pq.resultStatus()
   switch (status) {
     case 'PGRES_FATAL_ERROR':
       this._queryError = new Error(this.pq.resultErrorMessage())
@@ -183,8 +180,10 @@ Client.prototype._emitResult = function (pq) {
     case 'PGRES_TUPLES_OK':
     case 'PGRES_COMMAND_OK':
     case 'PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY':
+      {
         const result = this._consumeQueryResults(this.pq)
         this.emit('result', result)
+      }
       break
 
     case 'PGRES_COPY_OUT':
@@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ Client.prototype._emitResult = function (pq) {
 
 // called when libpq is readable
 Client.prototype._read = function () {
-  var pq = this.pq
+  const pq = this.pq
   // read waiting data from the socket
   // e.g. clear the pending 'select'
   if (!pq.consumeInput()) {
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ Client.prototype._read = function () {
 
   this.emit('readyForQuery')
 
-  var notice = this.pq.notifies()
+  let notice = this.pq.notifies()
   while (notice) {
     this.emit('notification', notice)
     notice = this.pq.notifies()
@@ -252,8 +251,8 @@ Client.prototype._startReading = function () {
   this.pq.startReader()
 }
 
-var throwIfError = function (pq) {
+const throwIfError = function (pq) {
-  var err = pq.resultErrorMessage() || pq.errorMessage()
+  const err = pq.resultErrorMessage() || pq.errorMessage()
   if (err) {
     throw new Error(err)
   }
@@ -266,7 +265,7 @@ Client.prototype._awaitResult = function (cb) {
 
 // wait for the writable socket to drain
 Client.prototype._waitForDrain = function (pq, cb) {
-  var res = pq.flush()
+  const res = pq.flush()
   // res of 0 is success
   if (res === 0) return cb()
 
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ Client.prototype._waitForDrain = function (pq, cb) {
 
   // otherwise outgoing message didn't flush to socket
   // wait for it to flush and try again
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
   // you cannot read & write on a socket at the same time
   return pq.writable(function () {
     self._waitForDrain(pq, cb)
@@ -286,9 +285,9 @@ Client.prototype._waitForDrain = function (pq, cb) {
 // finish writing query text to the socket
 Client.prototype._dispatchQuery = function (pq, fn, cb) {
   this._stopReading()
-  var success = pq.setNonBlocking(true)
+  const success = pq.setNonBlocking(true)
   if (!success) return cb(new Error('Unable to set non-blocking to true'))
-  var sent = fn()
+  const sent = fn()
   if (!sent) return cb(new Error(pq.errorMessage() || 'Something went wrong dispatching the query'))
   this._waitForDrain(pq, cb)
 }

packages/pg-native/lib/build-result.js

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class Result {
     this.rowCount = undefined
     this.fields = []
     this.rows = []
+    this._prebuiltEmptyResultObject = null
   }
 
   consumeCommand(pq) {
@@ -18,47 +19,48 @@ class Result {
 
   consumeFields(pq) {
     const nfields = pq.nfields()
-    for (var x = 0; x < nfields; x++) {
+    this.fields = new Array(nfields)
-      this.fields.push({
+    const row = {}
-        name: pq.fname(x),
+    for (let x = 0; x < nfields; x++) {
+      const name = pq.fname(x)
+      row[name] = null
+      this.fields[x] = {
+        name: name,
         dataTypeID: pq.ftype(x),
-      })
       }
     }
+    this._prebuiltEmptyResultObject = { ...row }
+  }
 
   consumeRows(pq) {
     const tupleCount = pq.ntuples()
-    for (var i = 0; i < tupleCount; i++) {
+    this.rows = new Array(tupleCount)
-      const row = this._arrayMode ? this.consumeRowAsArray(pq, i) : this.consumeRowAsObject(pq, i)
+    for (let i = 0; i < tupleCount; i++) {
-      this.rows.push(row)
+      this.rows[i] = this._arrayMode ? this.consumeRowAsArray(pq, i) : this.consumeRowAsObject(pq, i)
     }
   }
 
   consumeRowAsObject(pq, rowIndex) {
-    const row = {}
+    const row = { ...this._prebuiltEmptyResultObject }
-    for (var j = 0; j < this.fields.length; j++) {
+    for (let j = 0; j < this.fields.length; j++) {
-      const value = this.readValue(pq, rowIndex, j)
+      row[this.fields[j].name] = this.readValue(pq, rowIndex, j)
-      row[this.fields[j].name] = value
     }
     return row
   }
 
   consumeRowAsArray(pq, rowIndex) {
-    const row = []
+    const row = new Array(this.fields.length)
-    for (var j = 0; j < this.fields.length; j++) {
+    for (let j = 0; j < this.fields.length; j++) {
-      const value = this.readValue(pq, rowIndex, j)
+      row[j] = this.readValue(pq, rowIndex, j)
-      row.push(value)
     }
     return row
   }
 
   readValue(pq, rowIndex, colIndex) {
-    var rawValue = pq.getvalue(rowIndex, colIndex)
+    const rawValue = pq.getvalue(rowIndex, colIndex)
-    if (rawValue === '') {
+    if (rawValue === '' && pq.getisnull(rowIndex, colIndex)) {
-      if (pq.getisnull(rowIndex, colIndex)) {
       return null
     }
-    }
     const dataTypeId = this.fields[colIndex].dataTypeID
     return this._types.getTypeParser(dataTypeId)(rawValue)
   }

packages/pg-native/lib/copy-stream.js

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-var Duplex = require('stream').Duplex
+const Duplex = require('stream').Duplex
-var Writable = require('stream').Writable
+const Writable = require('stream').Writable
-var util = require('util')
+const util = require('util')
 
-var CopyStream = (module.exports = function (pq, options) {
+const CopyStream = (module.exports = function (pq, options) {
   Duplex.call(this, options)
   this.pq = pq
   this._reading = false
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ util.inherits(CopyStream, Duplex)
 
 // writer methods
 CopyStream.prototype._write = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  var result = this.pq.putCopyData(chunk)
+  const result = this.pq.putCopyData(chunk)
 
   // sent successfully
   if (result === 1) return cb()
@@ -21,22 +21,22 @@ CopyStream.prototype._write = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
   if (result === -1) return cb(new Error(this.pq.errorMessage()))
 
   // command would block. wait for writable and call again.
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
   this.pq.writable(function () {
     self._write(chunk, encoding, cb)
   })
 }
 
 CopyStream.prototype.end = function () {
-  var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0)
+  const args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0)
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
 
-  var callback = args.pop()
+  const callback = args.pop()
 
   if (args.length) {
     this.write(args[0])
   }
-  var result = this.pq.putCopyEnd()
+  const result = this.pq.putCopyEnd()
 
   // sent successfully
   if (result === 1) {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ CopyStream.prototype.end = function () {
 
   // error
   if (result === -1) {
-    var err = new Error(this.pq.errorMessage())
+    const err = new Error(this.pq.errorMessage())
     return this.emit('error', err)
   }
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ CopyStream.prototype.end = function () {
 
 // reader methods
 CopyStream.prototype._consumeBuffer = function (cb) {
-  var result = this.pq.getCopyData(true)
+  const result = this.pq.getCopyData(true)
   if (result instanceof Buffer) {
     return setImmediate(function () {
       cb(null, result)
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ CopyStream.prototype._consumeBuffer = function (cb) {
     return cb(null, null)
   }
   if (result === 0) {
-    var self = this
+    const self = this
     this.pq.once('readable', function () {
       self.pq.stopReader()
       self.pq.consumeInput()
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ CopyStream.prototype._read = function (size) {
   if (this._reading) return
   this._reading = true
   // console.log('read begin');
-  var self = this
+  const self = this
   this._consumeBuffer(function (err, buffer) {
     self._reading = false
     if (err) {
@@ -110,18 +110,18 @@ CopyStream.prototype._read = function (size) {
   })
 }
 
-var consumeResults = function (pq, cb) {
+const consumeResults = function (pq, cb) {
-  var cleanup = function () {
+  const cleanup = function () {
     pq.removeListener('readable', onReadable)
     pq.stopReader()
   }
 
-  var readError = function (message) {
+  const readError = function (message) {
     cleanup()
     return cb(new Error(message || pq.errorMessage()))
   }
 
-  var onReadable = function () {
+  const onReadable = function () {
     // read waiting data from the socket
     // e.g. clear the pending 'select'
     if (!pq.consumeInput()) {

packages/pg-native/package.json

@@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
 {
   "name": "pg-native",
-  "version": "3.2.0",
+  "version": "3.5.2",
   "description": "A slightly nicer interface to Postgres over node-libpq",
   "main": "index.js",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "import": "./esm/index.mjs",
+      "require": "./index.js",
+      "default": "./index.js"
+    },
+    "./lib/*": {
+      "import": "./lib/*",
+      "require": "./lib/*",
+      "default": "./lib/*"
+    }
+  },
   "scripts": {
     "test": "mocha"
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
-    "url": "git://github.com/brianc/node-pg-native.git"
+    "url": "https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres.git"
   },
   "keywords": [
     "postgres",
@@ -18,21 +30,26 @@
   "author": "Brian M. Carlson",
   "license": "MIT",
   "bugs": {
-    "url": "https://github.com/brianc/node-pg-native/issues"
+    "url": "https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/issues"
   },
-  "homepage": "https://github.com/brianc/node-pg-native",
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/brianc/node-postgres/tree/master/packages/pg-native",
   "dependencies": {
-    "libpq": "1.8.13",
+    "libpq": "^1.8.15",
-    "pg-types": "^1.12.1"
+    "pg-types": "2.2.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "async": "^0.9.0",
     "concat-stream": "^1.4.6",
     "generic-pool": "^2.1.1",
-    "lodash": "^2.4.1",
+    "lodash": "^4.17.21",
     "mocha": "10.5.2",
     "node-gyp": ">=10.x",
     "okay": "^0.3.0",
-    "semver": "^4.1.0"
+    "semver": "^7.7.2"
-  }
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "index.js",
+    "lib",
+    "esm"
+  ]
 }

packages/pg-native/test/array-mode.js

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('client with arrayMode', function () {
   it('returns result as array', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client({ arrayMode: true })
+    const client = new Client({ arrayMode: true })
     client.connectSync()
     client.querySync('CREATE TEMP TABLE blah(name TEXT)')
     client.querySync('INSERT INTO blah (name) VALUES ($1)', ['brian'])
     client.querySync('INSERT INTO blah (name) VALUES ($1)', ['aaron'])
-    var rows = client.querySync('SELECT * FROM blah')
+    const rows = client.querySync('SELECT * FROM blah')
     assert.equal(rows.length, 2)
-    var row = rows[0]
+    const row = rows[0]
     assert.equal(row.length, 1)
     assert.equal(row[0], 'brian')
     assert.equal(rows[1][0], 'aaron')

packages/pg-native/test/async-workflow.js

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
-var concat = require('concat-stream')
+const concat = require('concat-stream')
 
 describe('async workflow', function () {
   before(function (done) {
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ describe('async workflow', function () {
     this.client.connect(done)
   })
 
-  var echoParams = function (params, cb) {
+  const echoParams = function (params, cb) {
     this.client.query(
       'SELECT $1::text as first, $2::text as second',
       params,
@@ -20,20 +20,20 @@ describe('async workflow', function () {
     )
   }
 
-  var checkParams = function (params, rows) {
+  const checkParams = function (params, rows) {
     assert.equal(rows.length, 1)
     assert.equal(rows[0].first, params[0])
     assert.equal(rows[0].second, params[1])
   }
 
   it('sends async query', function (done) {
-    var params = ['one', 'two']
+    const params = ['one', 'two']
     echoParams.call(this, params, done)
   })
 
   it('sends multiple async queries', function (done) {
-    var self = this
+    const self = this
-    var params = ['bang', 'boom']
+    const params = ['bang', 'boom']
     echoParams.call(
       this,
       params,
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ describe('async workflow', function () {
   })
 
   it('sends an async query, copies in, copies out, and sends another query', function (done) {
-    var self = this
+    const self = this
     this.client.querySync('CREATE TEMP TABLE test(name text, age int)')
     this.client.query(
       "INSERT INTO test(name, age) VALUES('brian', 32)",
       ok(done, function () {
         self.client.querySync('COPY test FROM stdin')
-        var input = self.client.getCopyStream()
+        const input = self.client.getCopyStream()
         input.write(Buffer.from('Aaron\t30\n', 'utf8'))
         input.end(function () {
           self.client.query(
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ describe('async workflow', function () {
               self.client.query(
                 'COPY test TO stdout',
                 ok(done, function () {
-                  var output = self.client.getCopyStream()
+                  const output = self.client.getCopyStream()
 
                   // pump the stream
                   output.read()

packages/pg-native/test/cancel.js

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('cancel query', function () {
   it('works', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connectSync()
     client.query('SELECT pg_sleep(1000);', function (err) {
       assert(err instanceof Error)
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe('cancel query', function () {
   })
 
   it('does not raise error if no active query', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connectSync()
     client.cancel(function (err) {
       assert.ifError(err)

packages/pg-native/test/connection-errors.js

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 'use strict'
 
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('connection errors', function () {
   it('raise error events', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connectSync()
     client.query('SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pg_backend_pid())', assert.fail)
     client.on('error', function (err) {

packages/pg-native/test/connection.js

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('connection error', function () {
   it('doesnt segfault', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connect('asldgsdgasgdasdg', function (err) {
       assert(err)
       // calling error on a closed client was segfaulting
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe('connection error', function () {
 
 describe('reading while not connected', function () {
   it('does not seg fault but does throw execption', function () {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     assert.throws(function () {
       client.on('notification', function (msg) {})
     })

packages/pg-native/test/copy-from.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
 
 describe('COPY FROM', function () {
   before(function (done) {
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ describe('COPY FROM', function () {
   })
 
   it('works', function (done) {
-    var client = this.client
+    const client = this.client
     this.client.querySync('CREATE TEMP TABLE blah(name text, age int)')
     this.client.querySync('COPY blah FROM stdin')
-    var stream = this.client.getCopyStream()
+    const stream = this.client.getCopyStream()
     stream.write(Buffer.from('Brian\t32\n', 'utf8'))
     stream.write(Buffer.from('Aaron\t30\n', 'utf8'))
     stream.write(Buffer.from('Shelley\t28\n', 'utf8'))
     stream.end()
 
     stream.once('finish', function () {
-      var rows = client.querySync('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM blah')
+      const rows = client.querySync('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM blah')
       assert.equal(rows.length, 1)
       assert.equal(rows[0].count, 3)
       done()
@@ -30,14 +30,14 @@ describe('COPY FROM', function () {
   })
 
   it('works with a callback passed to end', function (done) {
-    var client = this.client
+    const client = this.client
     this.client.querySync('CREATE TEMP TABLE boom(name text, age int)')
     this.client.querySync('COPY boom FROM stdin')
-    var stream = this.client.getCopyStream()
+    const stream = this.client.getCopyStream()
     stream.write(Buffer.from('Brian\t32\n', 'utf8'))
     stream.write(Buffer.from('Aaron\t30\n', 'utf8'), function () {
       stream.end(Buffer.from('Shelley\t28\n', 'utf8'), function () {
-        var rows = client.querySync('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM boom')
+        const rows = client.querySync('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM boom')
         assert.equal(rows.length, 1)
         assert.equal(rows[0].count, 3)
         done()

packages/pg-native/test/copy-to.js

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var concat = require('concat-stream')
+const concat = require('concat-stream')
-var _ = require('lodash')
+const _ = require('lodash')
 
 describe('COPY TO', function () {
   before(function (done) {
@@ -14,18 +14,18 @@ describe('COPY TO', function () {
   })
 
   it('works - basic check', function (done) {
-    var limit = 1000
+    const limit = 1000
-    var qText = 'COPY (SELECT * FROM generate_series(0, ' + (limit - 1) + ')) TO stdout'
+    const qText = 'COPY (SELECT * FROM generate_series(0, ' + (limit - 1) + ')) TO stdout'
-    var self = this
+    const self = this
     this.client.query(qText, function (err) {
       if (err) return done(err)
-      var stream = self.client.getCopyStream()
+      const stream = self.client.getCopyStream()
       // pump the stream for node v0.11.x
       stream.read()
       stream.pipe(
         concat(function (buff) {
-          var res = buff.toString('utf8')
+          const res = buff.toString('utf8')
-          var expected = _.range(0, limit).join('\n') + '\n'
+          const expected = _.range(0, limit).join('\n') + '\n'
           assert.equal(res, expected)
           done()
         })

packages/pg-native/test/custom-types.js

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('Custom type parser', function () {
   it('is used by client', function (done) {
-    var client = new Client({
+    const client = new Client({
       types: {
         getTypeParser: function () {
           return function () {
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('Custom type parser', function () {
       },
     })
     client.connectSync()
-    var rows = client.querySync('SELECT NOW() AS when')
+    const rows = client.querySync('SELECT NOW() AS when')
     assert.equal(rows[0].when, 'blah')
     client.query(
       'SELECT NOW() as when',

packages/pg-native/test/domains.js

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
-var checkDomain = function (domain, when) {
+const checkDomain = function (domain, when) {
   assert(process.domain, 'Domain was lost after ' + when)
   assert.strictEqual(process.domain, domain, 'Domain switched after ' + when)
 }
 
 describe('domains', function () {
   it('remains bound after a query', function (done) {
-    var domain = require('domain').create() // eslint-disable-line
+    const domain = require('domain').create()
     domain.run(function () {
-      var client = new Client()
+      const client = new Client()
       client.connect(function () {
         checkDomain(domain, 'connection')
         client.query('SELECT NOW()', function () {

packages/pg-native/test/empty-query.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('empty query', () => {
   it('has field metadata in result', (done) => {

packages/pg-native/test/huge-query.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('huge async query', function () {
   before(function (done) {
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ describe('huge async query', function () {
   })
 
   it('works', function (done) {
-    var params = ['']
+    const params = ['']
-    var len = 100000
+    const len = 100000
-    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
       params[0] += 'A'
     }
-    var qText = "SELECT '" + params[0] + "'::text as my_text"
+    const qText = "SELECT '" + params[0] + "'::text as my_text"
     this.client.query(qText, function (err, rows) {
       if (err) return done(err)
       assert.equal(rows[0].my_text.length, len)

packages/pg-native/test/index.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('connection', function () {
   it('works', function (done) {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe('connectSync', function () {
   })
 
   it('works with args', function () {
-    var args = 'host=' + (process.env.PGHOST || 'localhost')
+    const args = 'host=' + (process.env.PGHOST || 'localhost')
     Client().connectSync(args)
   })
 

packages/pg-native/test/load.js

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var async = require('async')
+const async = require('async')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
 
-var execute = function (x, done) {
+const execute = function (x, done) {
-  var client = new Client()
+  const client = new Client()
   client.connectSync()
-  var query = function (n, cb) {
+  const query = function (n, cb) {
     client.query('SELECT $1::int as num', [n], function (err) {
       cb(err)
     })

packages/pg-native/test/many-connections.js

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var async = require('async')
+const async = require('async')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
-var bytes = require('crypto').pseudoRandomBytes
+const bytes = require('crypto').pseudoRandomBytes
 
 describe('many connections', function () {
   describe('async', function () {
-    var test = function (count, times) {
+    const test = function (count, times) {
       it(`connecting ${count} clients ${times} times`, function (done) {
         this.timeout(200000)
 
-        var connectClient = function (n, cb) {
+        const connectClient = function (n, cb) {
-          var client = new Client()
+          const client = new Client()
           client.connect(
             ok(cb, function () {
               bytes(
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ describe('many connections', function () {
           )
         }
 
-        var run = function (n, cb) {
+        const run = function (n, cb) {
           async.times(count, connectClient, cb)
         }
 

packages/pg-native/test/many-errors.js

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var async = require('async')
+const async = require('async')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('many errors', function () {
   it('functions properly without segfault', function (done) {
-    var throwError = function (n, cb) {
+    const throwError = function (n, cb) {
-      var client = new Client()
+      const client = new Client()
       client.connectSync()
 
-      var doIt = function (n, cb) {
+      const doIt = function (n, cb) {
         client.query('select asdfiasdf', function (err) {
           assert(err, 'bad query should emit an error')
           cb(null)

packages/pg-native/test/multiple-queries.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('multiple commands in a single query', function () {
   before(function (done) {
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe('multiple commands in a single query', function () {
   })
 
   it('inserts and reads at once', function (done) {
-    var txt = 'CREATE TEMP TABLE boom(age int);'
+    let txt = 'CREATE TEMP TABLE boom(age int);'
     txt += 'INSERT INTO boom(age) VALUES(10);'
     txt += 'SELECT * FROM boom;'
     this.client.query(txt, function (err, rows, results) {

packages/pg-native/test/multiple-statement-results.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var assert = require('assert')
+const assert = require('assert')
 
 describe('multiple statements', () => {
   before(() => {

packages/pg-native/test/notify.js

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
 
-var notify = function (channel, payload) {
+const notify = function (channel, payload) {
-  var client = new Client()
+  const client = new Client()
   client.connectSync()
   client.querySync('NOTIFY ' + channel + ", '" + payload + "'")
   client.end()
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ var notify = function (channel, payload) {
 
 describe('simple LISTEN/NOTIFY', function () {
   before(function (done) {
-    var client = (this.client = new Client())
+    const client = (this.client = new Client())
     client.connect(done)
   })
 
   it('works', function (done) {
-    var client = this.client
+    const client = this.client
     client.querySync('LISTEN boom')
     client.on('notification', function (msg) {
       done()
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ describe('simple LISTEN/NOTIFY', function () {
 if (!process.env.TRAVIS_CI) {
   describe('async LISTEN/NOTIFY', function () {
     before(function (done) {
-      var client = (this.client = new Client())
+      const client = (this.client = new Client())
       client.connect(done)
     })
 
     it('works', function (done) {
-      var client = this.client
+      const client = this.client
-      var count = 0
+      let count = 0
-      var check = function () {
+      const check = function () {
         count++
         if (count >= 2) return done()
       }

packages/pg-native/test/prepare.js

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-var Client = require('../')
+const Client = require('../')
-var ok = require('okay')
+const ok = require('okay')
-var async = require('async')
+const async = require('async')
 
 describe('async prepare', function () {
-  var run = function (n, cb) {
+  const run = function (n, cb) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connectSync()
 
-    var exec = function (x, done) {
+    const exec = function (x, done) {
       client.prepare('get_now' + x, 'SELECT NOW()', 0, done)
     }
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe('async prepare', function () {
     )
   }
 
-  var t = function (n) {
+  const t = function (n) {
     it('works for ' + n + ' clients', function (done) {
       async.times(n, run, function (err) {
         done(err)
@@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ describe('async prepare', function () {
     })
   }
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
     t(i)
   }
 })
 
 describe('async execute', function () {
-  var run = function (n, cb) {
+  const run = function (n, cb) {
-    var client = new Client()
+    const client = new Client()
     client.connectSync()
     client.prepareSync('get_now', 'SELECT NOW()', 0)
-    var exec = function (x, cb) {
+    const exec = function (x, cb) {
       client.execute('get_now', [], cb)
     }
     async.timesSeries(
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ describe('async execute', function () {
     )
   }
 
-  var t = function (n) {
+  const t = function (n) {
     it('works for ' + n + ' clients', function (done) {
       async.times(n, run, function (err) {
         done(err)
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe('async execute', function () {
     })
   }
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
     t(i)
   }
 })