---
title: 'Elements'
description: 'Both HTML and SVG elements are supported'
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs'
import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem'

## DOM nodes

There are many reasons why you might want to create or manage DOM nodes manually in Yew, such as
when integrating with JS libraries that can cause conflicts with managed components.

Using `web-sys`, you can create DOM elements and convert them into a `Node` - which can then be
used as a `Html` value using `VRef`:

```rust
use web_sys::{Element, Node};
use yew::{Component, Context, html, Html};
use gloo_utils::document;

struct Comp;

impl Component for Comp {
    type Message = ();
    type Properties = ();

    fn create(_ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Self {
        Self
    }

    fn view(&self, _ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Html {
        // Create a div element from the document
        let div: Element = document().create_element("div").unwrap();
        // Add content, classes etc.
        div.set_inner_html("Hello, World!");
        // Convert Element into a Node
        let node: Node = div.into();
        // Return that Node as a Html value
        Html::VRef(node)
    }
}
```

## Dynamic tag names

When building a higher-order component you might find yourself in a situation where the element's tag name isn't static.
For example, you might have a `Title` component which can render anything from `h1` to `h6` depending on a level prop.
Instead of having to use a big match expression, Yew allows you to set the tag name dynamically
using `@{name}` where `name` can be any expression that returns a string.

```rust
use yew::html;

let level = 5;
let text = "Hello World!".to_owned();

html! {
    <@{format!("h{}", level)} class="title">{ text }</@>
};
```

## Boolean Attributes

Some content attributes (e.g checked, hidden, required) are called boolean attributes. In Yew,
boolean attributes need to be set to a bool value:

```rust
use yew::html;

html! {
    <div hidden=true>
        { "This div is hidden." }
    </div>
};
```

This will result in **HTML** that's functionally equivalent to this:

```html
<div hidden>This div is hidden.</div>
```

Setting a boolean attribute to false is equivalent to not using the attribute at all; values from
boolean expressions can be used:

```rust
use yew::html;

let no = 1 + 1 != 2;

html! {
    <div hidden={no}>
        { "This div is NOT hidden." }
    </div>
};
```

This will result in the following **HTML**:

```html
<div>This div is NOT hidden.</div>
```

## String-like attributes

But apart from a select few boolean attributes, you will probably be dealing with a lot of string-like HTML attributes and Yew has a few option for those

```rust
use yew::{html, virtual_dom::AttrValue};

let str_placeholder = "I'm a str!";
let string_placeholder = String::from("I'm a String!");
let attrvalue_placeholder = AttrValue::from("I'm an AttrValue!");

html! {
    <div>
        <input placeholder={str_placeholder} />
        <input placeholder={string_placeholder} />
        <input placeholder={attrvalue_placeholder} />
    </div>
};
```

They are all valid **but** we encourage you to favor Yew's custom `AttrValue`, especially if you need to clone or pass them as properties to another component.

## Optional attributes for HTML elements

Most HTML attributes can use optional values (Some(x) or None). This allows us to omit the attribute if the attribute is marked as optional.

```rust
use yew::html;

let maybe_id = Some("foobar");

html! {
    <div id={maybe_id}></div>
};
```

If the attribute is set to `None`, the attribute won't be set in the DOM.

## Listeners

Listener attributes need to be passed a `Callback` which is a wrapper around a closure. How you create your callback depends on how you wish your app to react to a listener event:

<Tabs>
  <TabItem value="Component handler" label="Component handler">

```rust
use yew::{Component, Context, html, Html};

struct MyComponent;

enum Msg {
    Click,
}

impl Component for MyComponent {
    type Message = Msg;
    type Properties = ();

    fn create(_ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Self {
        Self
    }

    fn update(&mut self, _ctx: &Context<Self>, msg: Self::Message) -> bool {
        match msg {
            Msg::Click => {
                // Handle Click
            }
        };
        true
    }

    fn view(&self, ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Html {
        // Create a callback from a component link to handle it in a component
        let click_callback = ctx.link().callback(|_| Msg::Click);
        html! {
            <button onclick={click_callback}>
                { "Click me!" }
            </button>
        }
    }
}
```

  </TabItem>
  <TabItem value="Agent Handler" label="Agent Handler">

```rust
use yew::{html, Component, Context, Html};
use yew_agent::{Dispatcher, Dispatched};
use website_test::agents::{MyWorker, WorkerMsg};

struct MyComponent {
    worker: Dispatcher<MyWorker>,
}

impl Component for MyComponent {
    type Message = WorkerMsg;
    type Properties = ();

    fn create(_ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Self {
        MyComponent {
            worker: MyWorker::dispatcher(),
        }
    }

    fn update(&mut self, _ctx: &Context<Self>, msg: Self::Message) -> bool {
        self.worker.send(msg);
        false
    }

    fn view(&self, ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Html {
        // Create a callback from a worker to handle it in another context
        let click_callback = ctx.link().callback(|_| WorkerMsg::Process);
        html! {
            <button onclick={click_callback}>
                { "Click me!" }
            </button>
        }
    }
}
```

  </TabItem>
  <TabItem value="Other Cases" label="Other Cases">

```rust
use yew::{Callback, Context, Component, html, Html};
use weblog::console_log;

struct MyComponent;

impl Component for MyComponent {
    type Message = ();
    type Properties = ();

    fn create(_ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Self {
        MyComponent
    }

    fn view(&self, _ctx: &Context<Self>) -> Html {
        // Create an ephemeral callback
        let click_callback = Callback::from(|_| {
            console_log!("clicked!");
        });

        html! {
            <button onclick={click_callback}>
                { "Click me!" }
            </button>
        }
    }
}
```

  </TabItem>
</Tabs>

## Relevant examples

-   [Inner HTML](https://github.com/yewstack/yew/tree/yew-v0.19.3/examples/inner_html)
