# expectTypeOf

::: warning
During runtime this function doesn't do anything. To [enable typechecking](/guide/testing-types#run-typechecking), don't forget to pass down `--typecheck` flag.
:::

- **Type:** `<T>(a: unknown) => ExpectTypeOf`

## not

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf`

You can negate all assertions, using `.not` property.

## toEqualTypeOf

- **Type:** `<T>(expected: T) => void`

This matcher will check if the types are fully equal to each other. This matcher will not fail if two objects have different values, but the same type. It will fail however if an object is missing a property.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf({ a: 1 }).toEqualTypeOf<{ a: number }>()
expectTypeOf({ a: 1 }).toEqualTypeOf({ a: 1 })
expectTypeOf({ a: 1 }).toEqualTypeOf({ a: 2 })
expectTypeOf({ a: 1, b: 1 }).not.toEqualTypeOf<{ a: number }>()
```

## toMatchTypeOf

- **Type:** `<T>(expected: T) => void`

This matcher checks if expect type extends provided type. It is different from `toEqual` and is more similar to [expect's](/api/expect) `toMatchObject()`. With this matcher, you can check if an object “matches” a type.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf({ a: 1, b: 1 }).toMatchTypeOf({ a: 1 })
expectTypeOf<number>().toMatchTypeOf<string | number>()
expectTypeOf<string | number>().not.toMatchTypeOf<number>()
  ```

## extract

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<ExtractedUnion>`

You can use `.extract` to narrow down types for further testing.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

type ResponsiveProp<T> = T | T[] | { xs?: T; sm?: T; md?: T }

interface CSSProperties { margin?: string; padding?: string }

function getResponsiveProp<T>(_props: T): ResponsiveProp<T> {
  return {}
}

const cssProperties: CSSProperties = { margin: '1px', padding: '2px' }

expectTypeOf(getResponsiveProp(cssProperties))
  .extract<{ xs?: any }>() // extracts the last type from a union
  .toEqualTypeOf<{ xs?: CSSProperties; sm?: CSSProperties; md?: CSSProperties }>()

expectTypeOf(getResponsiveProp(cssProperties))
  .extract<unknown[]>() // extracts an array from a union
  .toEqualTypeOf<CSSProperties[]>()
```

::: warning
If no type is found in the union, `.extract` will return `never`.
:::

## exclude

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<NonExcludedUnion>`

You can use `.exclude` to remove types from a union for further testing.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

type ResponsiveProp<T> = T | T[] | { xs?: T; sm?: T; md?: T }

interface CSSProperties { margin?: string; padding?: string }

function getResponsiveProp<T>(_props: T): ResponsiveProp<T> {
  return {}
}

const cssProperties: CSSProperties = { margin: '1px', padding: '2px' }

expectTypeOf(getResponsiveProp(cssProperties))
  .exclude<unknown[]>()
  .exclude<{ xs?: unknown }>() // or just .exclude<unknown[] | { xs?: unknown }>()
  .toEqualTypeOf<CSSProperties>()
```

::: warning
If no type is found in the union, `.exclude` will return `never`.
:::

## returns

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<ReturnValue>`

You can use `.returns` to extract return value of a function type.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(() => {}).returns.toBeVoid()
expectTypeOf((a: number) => [a, a]).returns.toEqualTypeOf([1, 2])
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## parameters

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<Parameters>`

You can extract function arguments with `.parameters` to perform assertions on its value. Parameters are returned as an array.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

type NoParam = () => void
type HasParam = (s: string) => void

expectTypeOf<NoParam>().parameters.toEqualTypeOf<[]>()
expectTypeOf<HasParam>().parameters.toEqualTypeOf<[string]>()
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

::: tip
You can also use [`.toBeCallableWith`](#tobecallablewith) matcher as a more expressive assertion.
:::

## parameter

- **Type:** `(nth: number) => ExpectTypeOf`

You can extract a certain function argument with `.parameter(number)` call to perform other assertions on it.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

function foo(a: number, b: string) {
  return [a, b]
}

expectTypeOf(foo).parameter(0).toBeNumber()
expectTypeOf(foo).parameter(1).toBeString()
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## constructorParameters

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<ConstructorParameters>`

You can extract constructor parameters as an array of values and perform assertions on them with this method.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(Date).constructorParameters.toEqualTypeOf<[] | [string | number | Date]>()
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

::: tip
You can also use [`.toBeConstructibleWith`](#tobeconstructiblewith) matcher as a more expressive assertion.
:::

## instance

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<ConstructableInstance>`

This property gives access to matchers that can be performed on an instance of the provided class.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(Date).instance.toHaveProperty('toISOString')
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## items

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<T>`

You can get array item type with `.items` to perform further assertions.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf([1, 2, 3]).items.toEqualTypeOf<number>()
expectTypeOf([1, 2, 3]).items.not.toEqualTypeOf<string>()
```

## resolves

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<ResolvedPromise>`

This matcher extracts resolved value of a `Promise`, so you can perform other assertions on it.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

async function asyncFunc() {
  return 123
}

expectTypeOf(asyncFunc).returns.resolves.toBeNumber()
expectTypeOf(Promise.resolve('string')).resolves.toBeString()
```

::: warning
If used on a non-promise type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## guards

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<Guard>`

This matcher extracts guard value (e.g., `v is number`), so you can perform assertions on it.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

function isString(v: any): v is string {
  return typeof v === 'string'
}
expectTypeOf(isString).guards.toBeString()
```

::: warning
Returns `never`, if the value is not a guard function, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## asserts

- **Type:** `ExpectTypeOf<Assert>`

This matcher extracts assert value (e.g., `assert v is number`), so you can perform assertions on it.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

function assertNumber(v: any): asserts v is number {
  if (typeof v !== 'number')
    throw new TypeError('Nope !')
}

expectTypeOf(assertNumber).asserts.toBeNumber()
```

::: warning
Returns `never`, if the value is not an assert function, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## toBeAny

- **Type:** `() => void`

With this matcher you can check, if provided type is `any` type. If the type is too specific, the test will fail.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf<any>().toBeAny()
expectTypeOf({} as any).toBeAny()
expectTypeOf('string').not.toBeAny()
```

## toBeUnknown

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `unknown` type.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf().toBeUnknown()
expectTypeOf({} as unknown).toBeUnknown()
expectTypeOf('string').not.toBeUnknown()
```

## toBeNever

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is a `never` type.

```ts
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf<never>().toBeNever()
expectTypeOf((): never => {}).returns.toBeNever()
```

## toBeFunction

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is a `function`.

```ts
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(42).not.toBeFunction()
expectTypeOf((): never => {}).toBeFunction()
```

## toBeObject

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is an `object`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(42).not.toBeObject()
expectTypeOf({}).toBeObject()
```

## toBeArray

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `Array<T>`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(42).not.toBeArray()
expectTypeOf([]).toBeArray()
expectTypeOf([1, 2]).toBeArray()
expectTypeOf([{}, 42]).toBeArray()
```

## toBeString

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is a `string`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(42).not.toBeString()
expectTypeOf('').toBeString()
expectTypeOf('a').toBeString()
```

## toBeBoolean

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `boolean`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(42).not.toBeBoolean()
expectTypeOf(true).toBeBoolean()
expectTypeOf<boolean>().toBeBoolean()
```

## toBeVoid

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `void`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(() => {}).returns.toBeVoid()
expectTypeOf<void>().toBeVoid()
```

## toBeSymbol

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is a `symbol`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(Symbol(1)).toBeSymbol()
expectTypeOf<symbol>().toBeSymbol()
```

## toBeNull

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `null`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(null).toBeNull()
expectTypeOf<null>().toBeNull()
expectTypeOf(undefined).not.toBeNull()
```

## toBeUndefined

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if provided type is `undefined`.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(undefined).toBeUndefined()
expectTypeOf<undefined>().toBeUndefined()
expectTypeOf(null).not.toBeUndefined()
```

## toBeNullable

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher checks, if you can use `null` or `undefined` with provided type.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf<1 | undefined>().toBeNullable()
expectTypeOf<1 | null>().toBeNullable()
expectTypeOf<1 | undefined | null>().toBeNullable()
```

## toBeCallableWith

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher ensures you can call provided function with a set of parameters.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

type NoParam = () => void
type HasParam = (s: string) => void

expectTypeOf<NoParam>().toBeCallableWith()
expectTypeOf<HasParam>().toBeCallableWith('some string')
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## toBeConstructibleWith

- **Type:** `() => void`

This matcher ensures you can create a new instance with a set of constructor parameters.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

expectTypeOf(Date).toBeConstructibleWith(new Date())
expectTypeOf(Date).toBeConstructibleWith('01-01-2000')
```

::: warning
If used on a non-function type, it will return `never`, so you won't be able to chain it with other matchers.
:::

## toHaveProperty

- **Type:** `<K extends keyof T>(property: K) => ExpectTypeOf<T[K>`

This matcher checks if a property exists on the provided object. If it exists, it also returns the same set of matchers for the type of this property, so you can chain assertions one after another.

```ts twoslash
import { expectTypeOf } from 'vitest'

const obj = { a: 1, b: '' }

expectTypeOf(obj).toHaveProperty('a')
expectTypeOf(obj).not.toHaveProperty('c')

expectTypeOf(obj).toHaveProperty('a').toBeNumber()
expectTypeOf(obj).toHaveProperty('b').toBeString()
expectTypeOf(obj).toHaveProperty('a').not.toBeString()
```