diff --git a/packages/spy/src/index.ts b/packages/spy/src/index.ts
index 0d7bf3e90..16b15e757 100644
--- a/packages/spy/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/spy/src/index.ts
@@ -260,8 +260,16 @@ export function spyOn<T extends object, K extends keyof T>(
     original = object[key] as unknown as Procedure
   }
 
-  if (isMockFunction(original)) {
-    return original
+  const originalImplementation = ssr && original ? original() : original
+  const originalType = typeof originalImplementation
+
+  assert(
+    originalType === 'function',
+    `vi.spyOn() can only spy on a function. Received ${originalType}.`,
+  )
+
+  if (isMockFunction(originalImplementation)) {
+    return originalImplementation
   }
 
   const reassign = (cb: any) => {
@@ -292,7 +300,7 @@ export function spyOn<T extends object, K extends keyof T>(
 
   const mock = createMockInstance({
     restore,
-    originalImplementation: ssr && original ? original() : original,
+    originalImplementation,
     resetToMockName: true,
   })
 
diff --git a/test/core/test/mocking/vi-spyOn.test.ts b/test/core/test/mocking/vi-spyOn.test.ts
index 5b0573617..dec205318 100644
--- a/test/core/test/mocking/vi-spyOn.test.ts
+++ b/test/core/test/mocking/vi-spyOn.test.ts
@@ -592,6 +592,56 @@ describe('vi.spyOn() restoration', () => {
   })
 })
 
+describe('vi.spyOn() on Vite SSR', () => {
+  test('vi.spyOn() throws an error if a getter returns a non-function value in SSR', () => {
+    const module = {
+      get primitive() {
+        return 42
+      },
+    }
+    expect(() => {
+      // @ts-expect-error types recognize it's not a function
+      vi.spyOn(module, 'primitive')
+    }).toThrowError('vi.spyOn() can only spy on a function. Received number.')
+  })
+
+  test('vi.spyOn() assigns the method on a getter', () => {
+    const method = () => {}
+    const module = {
+      get method() {
+        return method
+      },
+    }
+    const spy = vi.spyOn(module, 'method')
+    expect(spy.getMockImplementation()).toBe(undefined)
+
+    module.method()
+    expect(spy.mock.calls).toEqual([[]])
+    expect(module.method).toBe(spy)
+
+    spy.mockRestore()
+    expect(module.method).toBe(method)
+  })
+
+  test('vi.spyOn() can reassign the SSR getter method', () => {
+    const method = () => {}
+    const module = {
+      get method() {
+        return method
+      },
+    }
+    const spy1 = vi.spyOn(module, 'method')
+    const spy2 = vi.spyOn(module, 'method')
+    expect(vi.isMockFunction(spy1)).toBe(true)
+    expect(vi.isMockFunction(spy2)).toBe(true)
+    expect(spy1).toBe(spy2)
+
+    module.method()
+    expect(spy1.mock.calls).toEqual([[]])
+    expect(spy2.mock.calls).toEqual([[]])
+  })
+})
+
 function assertStateEmpty(state: MockContext<any>) {
   expect(state.calls).toHaveLength(0)
   expect(state.results).toHaveLength(0)