DEP: Python 3.10+ & GDAL 3.6+ (#3440)

.github/workflows/tests.yaml

@@ -97,23 +97,21 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
         gdal-version: ['3.11.5']
         include:
           - python-version: '3.14'
             gdal-version: 'latest'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
+          - python-version: '3.10'
             gdal-version: '3.10.3'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
+          - python-version: '3.10'
             gdal-version: '3.9.3'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
+          - python-version: '3.10'
             gdal-version: '3.8.5'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
+          - python-version: '3.10'
             gdal-version: '3.7.3'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
+          - python-version: '3.10'
             gdal-version: '3.6.4'
-          - python-version: '3.9'
-            gdal-version: '3.5.3'
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -157,7 +155,7 @@ jobs:
         # macos-15-intel is OSX Intel
         # macos-14 is OSX Arm64
         os: [macos-15-intel, macos-14]
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
         include:
           - os: ubuntu-latest
             python-version: '*'

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ C extension modules are written using `Cython <http://cython.org/>`__. The
 Cython language is a superset of Python. Cython files end with ``.pyx`` and
 ``.pxd`` and are where we keep all the code that calls GDAL's C functions.
 
-Rasterio works with Python versions 3.6 through 3.9.
+Rasterio works with Python versions 3.10 through 3.14.
 
 We strongly prefer code adhering to `PEP8
 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/>`__.
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ Developing Rasterio requires Python 3.6 or any final release after and
 including 3.10.  We prefer developing with the most recent version of Python
 but recognize this is not possible for all contributors.  A C compiler is also
 required to leverage `existing protocols
-<https://docs.python.org/3.5/extending/extending.html>`__ for extending Python
+<https://docs.python.org/3.10/extending/extending.html>`__ for extending Python
 with C or C++.  See the Windows install instructions in the `readme
 <README.rst>`__ for more information about building on Windows.
 

Dockerfile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ARG GDAL=ubuntu-small-3.6.4
 FROM ghcr.io/osgeo/gdal:${GDAL} AS gdal
-ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.9
+ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.10
 ENV LANG="C.UTF-8" LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y software-properties-common
 RUN add-apt-repository -y ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-PYTHON_VERSION ?= 3.9
+PYTHON_VERSION ?= 3.10
 GDAL ?= ubuntu-small-3.6.4
 all: deps clean install test
 

README.rst

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Geographic information systems use GeoTIFF and other formats to organize and
 store gridded, or raster, datasets. Rasterio reads and writes these formats and
 provides a Python API based on N-D arrays.
 
-Rasterio 1.4 works with Python >= 3.9, Numpy >= 1.24, and GDAL >= 3.5. Official
+Rasterio 1.4.4+ works with Python >= 3.10, Numpy >= 1.24, and GDAL >= 3.6. Official
 binary packages for Linux, macOS, and Windows with most built-in format drivers
 plus HDF5, netCDF, and OpenJPEG2000 are available on PyPI.
 

docs/installation.rst

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ optional format drivers.
 Many users find Anaconda and conda-forge a good way to install Rasterio and get
 access to more optional format drivers (like TileDB and others).
 
-Rasterio 1.4 requires Python 3.9 or higher and GDAL 3.5 or higher.
+Rasterio 1.4.4+ requires Python 3.10 or higher and GDAL 3.5 or higher.
 
 Advanced installation
 =====================

rasterio/features.py

@@ -348,16 +348,6 @@ def rasterize(
         values_arr = np.array(shape_values)
         dtype = values_arr.dtype.name
 
-        # GDAL 3.5 doesn't support int64 output. We'll try int32.
-        if dtype not in valid_dtypes and dtype.startswith("int"):
-            lo, hi = values_arr.min(), values_arr.max()
-            if -2147483648 <= lo and hi <= 2147483647:
-                dtype = "int32"
-            elif 0 <= lo and hi <= 4294967295:
-                dtype = "uint32"
-            else:
-                raise ValueError("GDAL versions < 3.6 cannot rasterize int64 values.")
-
     with ExitStack() as exit_stack:
         if dst_path is not None:
             if isinstance(dst_path, DatasetWriter):

setup.py

@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ if "clean" not in sys.argv:
         int, re.findall("[0-9]+", gdalversion)[:3]
     )
 
-    if (gdal_major_version, gdal_minor_version) < (3, 5):
-        raise SystemExit("ERROR: GDAL >= 3.5 is required for rasterio. "
+    if (gdal_major_version, gdal_minor_version) < (3, 6):
+        raise SystemExit("ERROR: GDAL >= 3.6 is required for rasterio. "
                  "Please upgrade GDAL.")
 
 # Conditionally copy the GDAL data. To be used in conjunction with
@@ -297,7 +297,6 @@ setup_args = dict(
         "License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License",
         "Programming Language :: C",
         "Programming Language :: Cython",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -319,7 +318,7 @@ setup_args = dict(
     zip_safe=False,
     install_requires=inst_reqs,
     extras_require=extra_reqs,
-    python_requires=">=3.9",
+    python_requires=">=3.10",
 )
 
 if os.environ.get('PACKAGE_DATA'):

tests/test__env.py

@@ -34,8 +34,13 @@ def mock_fhs(tmpdir):
 @pytest.fixture
 def mock_debian(tmpdir):
     """A fake Debian multi-install system"""
-    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.5/gdalvrt.xsd")
     tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.6/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.7/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.8/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.9/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.10/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.11/gdalvrt.xsd")
+    tmpdir.ensure("share/gdal/3.12/gdalvrt.xsd")
     tmpdir.ensure(f"share/gdal/{gdal_version.major}.{gdal_version.minor}/gdalvrt.xsd")
     tmpdir.ensure("share/proj/epsg")
     return tmpdir

tests/test_warp.py

@@ -2487,8 +2487,7 @@ def test_geoloc_warp_dataset(data, tmp_path):
 # MEM:::DATAPOINTER=137539856,PIXELS=791,LINES=718,BANDS=3,DATATYPE=Byte.
 # There is no affine transformation and no GCPs. Specify transformation
 # option SRC_METHOD=NO_GEOTRANSFORM to bypass this check.
-@pytest.mark.skipif(not gdal_version.at_least("3.6"), reason="Requires GDAL 3.6")
-def test_geoloc_warp_array(path_rgb_byte_tif, tmp_path):
+def test_geoloc_warp_array(path_rgb_byte_tif):
     """Warp an array using external geolocation arrays."""
     with rasterio.open(path_rgb_byte_tif) as src:
         xs, ys = src.transform * np.meshgrid(