From f87ec1c6db0a8dc6e3d5c19f2d9f4af1434b2f65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: jos <wjosdejong@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2018 14:31:33 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Setup Babel compilation (WIP)

---
 .babelrc                                    |   6 +
 bin/cli.js                                  |   2 +-
 bin/repl.js                                 |   2 +-
 gulpfile.js                                 |  15 +-
 lib/utils/array.js                          | 284 ++++---
 package-lock.json                           | 828 ++++++++++++++++++++
 package.json                                |  25 +-
 test/function/arithmetic/divide.test.js     |  18 +-
 test/function/arithmetic/unaryMinus.test.js |  22 +-
 test/function/arithmetic/unaryPlus.test.js  |  12 +-
 test/function/bitwise/bitNot.test.js        |  10 +-
 test/function/matrix/expm.test.js           |   8 +-
 test/function/matrix/kron.test.js           |  10 +-
 test/type/complex/Complex.test.js           |   4 +-
 test/type/unit/Unit.test.js                 |  76 +-
 test/utils/bignumber/formatter.test.js      |  14 +-
 tools/validate.js                           |  40 +-
 17 files changed, 1111 insertions(+), 265 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .babelrc

diff --git a/.babelrc b/.babelrc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..620a8fbc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.babelrc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "presets": [
+    ["env"]
+  ],
+  "plugins": ["transform-object-assign"]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bin/cli.js b/bin/cli.js
index 8811137a0..d640ae8c4 100755
--- a/bin/cli.js
+++ b/bin/cli.js
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ var PRECISION = 14; // decimals
  * @return {*}
  */
 function getMath () {
-  return require('../index');
+  return require('../dist/math.js');
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/bin/repl.js b/bin/repl.js
index 8cd111dda..369338e0d 100755
--- a/bin/repl.js
+++ b/bin/repl.js
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * This simply preloads mathjs and drops you into a REPL to
  * help interactive debugging.
  **/
-math = require('../index');
+math = require('../dist/math');
 var repl = require('repl');
 
 repl.start({useGlobal: true});
diff --git a/gulpfile.js b/gulpfile.js
index 2e13d33e4..afd18ee9b 100644
--- a/gulpfile.js
+++ b/gulpfile.js
@@ -61,6 +61,15 @@ var webpackConfig = {
     // new webpack.optimize.ModuleConcatenationPlugin()
     // TODO: ModuleConcatenationPlugin seems not to work. https://medium.com/webpack/webpack-3-official-release-15fd2dd8f07b
   ],
+  module: {
+    rules: [
+      {
+        test: /\.js$/,
+        exclude: /node_modules/,
+        use: "babel-loader"
+      }
+    ]
+  },
   optimization: {
     minimize: false
   },
@@ -80,7 +89,7 @@ var uglifyConfig = {
 // create a single instance of the compiler to allow caching
 var compiler = webpack(webpackConfig);
 
-gulp.task('bundle', ['validate'], function (cb) {
+gulp.task('bundle', [], function (cb) {
   // update the banner contents (has a date in it which should stay up to date)
   bannerPlugin.banner = createBanner();
 
@@ -123,7 +132,7 @@ gulp.task('minify', ['bundle'], function () {
 });
 
 // test whether the docs for the expression parser are complete
-gulp.task('validate', function (cb) {
+gulp.task('validate', ['minify'], function (cb) {
   var child_process = require('child_process');
 
   // this is run in a separate process as the modules need to be reloaded
@@ -149,4 +158,4 @@ gulp.task('watch', ['bundle'], function () {
 });
 
 // The default task (called when you run `gulp`)
-gulp.task('default', ['bundle', 'minify', 'docs']);
+gulp.task('default', ['bundle', 'minify', 'validate', 'docs']);
diff --git a/lib/utils/array.js b/lib/utils/array.js
index 910e4242b..7e364176b 100644
--- a/lib/utils/array.js
+++ b/lib/utils/array.js
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-'use strict';
+'use strict'
 
-var number = require('./number');
-var string = require('./string');
+import number from './number'
+import string from './string'
 
-var DimensionError = require('../error/DimensionError');
-var IndexError = require('../error/IndexError');
+import DimensionError from '../error/DimensionError'
+import IndexError from'../error/IndexError'
 
 /**
  * Calculate the size of a multi dimensional array.
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ var IndexError = require('../error/IndexError');
  * @param {Array} x
  * @Return {Number[]} size
  */
-exports.size = function (x) {
-  var s = [];
+export function size(x) {
+  let s = []
 
   while (Array.isArray(x)) {
-    s.push(x.length);
-    x = x[0];
+    s.push(x.length)
+    x = x[0]
   }
 
-  return s;
-};
+  return s
+}
 
 /**
  * Recursively validate whether each element in a multi dimensional array
@@ -34,29 +34,29 @@ exports.size = function (x) {
  * @private
  */
 function _validate(array, size, dim) {
-  var i;
-  var len = array.length;
+  let i
+  const len = array.length
 
-  if (len != size[dim]) {
-    throw new DimensionError(len, size[dim]);
+  if (len !== size[dim]) {
+    throw new DimensionError(len, size[dim])
   }
 
   if (dim < size.length - 1) {
     // recursively validate each child array
-    var dimNext = dim + 1;
+    const dimNext = dim + 1
     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-      var child = array[i];
+      const child = array[i]
       if (!Array.isArray(child)) {
-        throw new DimensionError(size.length - 1, size.length, '<');
+        throw new DimensionError(size.length - 1, size.length, '<')
       }
-      _validate(array[i], size, dimNext);
+      _validate(array[i], size, dimNext)
     }
   }
   else {
     // last dimension. none of the childs may be an array
     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
       if (Array.isArray(array[i])) {
-        throw new DimensionError(size.length + 1, size.length, '>');
+        throw new DimensionError(size.length + 1, size.length, '>')
       }
     }
   }
@@ -69,19 +69,19 @@ function _validate(array, size, dim) {
  * @param {number[]} size  Array with the size of each dimension
  * @throws DimensionError
  */
-exports.validate = function(array, size) {
-  var isScalar = (size.length == 0);
+export function validate(array, size) {
+  const isScalar = (size.length === 0)
   if (isScalar) {
     // scalar
     if (Array.isArray(array)) {
-      throw new DimensionError(array.length, 0);
+      throw new DimensionError(array.length, 0)
     }
   }
   else {
     // array
-    _validate(array, size, 0);
+    _validate(array, size, 0)
   }
-};
+}
 
 /**
  * Test whether index is an integer number with index >= 0 and index < length
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ exports.validate = function(array, size) {
  */
 exports.validateIndex = function(index, length) {
   if (!number.isNumber(index) || !number.isInteger(index)) {
-    throw new TypeError('Index must be an integer (value: ' + index + ')');
+    throw new TypeError('Index must be an integer (value: ' + index + ')')
   }
   if (index < 0 || (typeof length === 'number' && index >= length)) {
-    throw new IndexError(index, length);
+    throw new IndexError(index, length)
   }
-};
+}
 
 /**
  * Resize a multi dimensional array. The resized array is returned.
@@ -108,31 +108,31 @@ exports.validateIndex = function(index, length) {
  *                              set.
  * @return {Array} array         The resized array
  */
-exports.resize = function(array, size, defaultValue) {
+export function resize(array, size, defaultValue) {
   // TODO: add support for scalars, having size=[] ?
 
   // check the type of the arguments
   if (!Array.isArray(array) || !Array.isArray(size)) {
-    throw new TypeError('Array expected');
+    throw new TypeError('Array expected')
   }
   if (size.length === 0) {
-    throw new Error('Resizing to scalar is not supported');
+    throw new Error('Resizing to scalar is not supported')
   }
 
   // check whether size contains positive integers
   size.forEach(function (value) {
     if (!number.isNumber(value) || !number.isInteger(value) || value < 0) {
       throw new TypeError('Invalid size, must contain positive integers ' +
-          '(size: ' + string.format(size) + ')');
+          '(size: ' + string.format(size) + ')')
     }
-  });
+  })
 
   // recursively resize the array
-  var _defaultValue = (defaultValue !== undefined) ? defaultValue : 0;
-  _resize(array, size, 0, _defaultValue);
+  const _defaultValue = (defaultValue !== undefined) ? defaultValue : 0
+  _resize(array, size, 0, _defaultValue)
 
-  return array;
-};
+  return array
+}
 
 /**
  * Recursively resize a multi dimensional array
@@ -144,38 +144,38 @@ exports.resize = function(array, size, defaultValue) {
  * @private
  */
 function _resize (array, size, dim, defaultValue) {
-  var i;
-  var elem;
-  var oldLen = array.length;
-  var newLen = size[dim];
-  var minLen = Math.min(oldLen, newLen);
+  let i
+  let elem
+  const oldLen = array.length
+  const newLen = size[dim]
+  const minLen = Math.min(oldLen, newLen)
 
   // apply new length
-  array.length = newLen;
+  array.length = newLen
 
   if (dim < size.length - 1) {
     // non-last dimension
-    var dimNext = dim + 1;
+    const dimNext = dim + 1
 
     // resize existing child arrays
     for (i = 0; i < minLen; i++) {
       // resize child array
-      elem = array[i];
+      elem = array[i]
       if (!Array.isArray(elem)) {
         elem = [elem]; // add a dimension
-        array[i] = elem;
+        array[i] = elem
       }
-      _resize(elem, size, dimNext, defaultValue);
+      _resize(elem, size, dimNext, defaultValue)
     }
 
     // create new child arrays
     for (i = minLen; i < newLen; i++) {
       // get child array
-      elem = [];
-      array[i] = elem;
+      elem = []
+      array[i] = elem
 
       // resize new child array
-      _resize(elem, size, dimNext, defaultValue);
+      _resize(elem, size, dimNext, defaultValue)
     }
   }
   else {
@@ -184,13 +184,13 @@ function _resize (array, size, dim, defaultValue) {
     // remove dimensions of existing values
     for (i = 0; i < minLen; i++) {
       while (Array.isArray(array[i])) {
-        array[i] = array[i][0];
+        array[i] = array[i][0]
       }
     }
 
     // fill new elements with the default value
     for (i = minLen; i < newLen; i++) {
-      array[i] = defaultValue;
+      array[i] = defaultValue
     }
   }
 }
@@ -205,35 +205,33 @@ function _resize (array, size, dim, defaultValue) {
  * @throws {DimensionError}       If the product of the new dimension sizes does
  *                                not equal that of the old ones
  */
-exports.reshape = function(array, sizes) {
-  var flatArray = exports.flatten(array);
-  var newArray;
+export function reshape(array, sizes) {
+  const flatArray = exports.flatten(array)
+  let newArray
 
-  var product = function (arr) {
-    return arr.reduce(function (prev, curr) {
-      return prev * curr;
-    });
-  };
+  function product(arr) {
+    return arr.reduce((prev, curr) => prev * curr)
+  }
 
   if (!Array.isArray(array) || !Array.isArray(sizes)) {
-    throw new TypeError('Array expected');
+    throw new TypeError('Array expected')
   }
 
   if (sizes.length === 0) {
-    throw new DimensionError(0, product(exports.size(array)), '!=');
+    throw new DimensionError(0, product(exports.size(array)), '!=')
   }
 
   try {
-    newArray  = _reshape(flatArray, sizes);
+    newArray  = _reshape(flatArray, sizes)
   } catch (e) {
     if (e instanceof DimensionError) {
       throw new DimensionError(
         product(sizes),
         product(exports.size(array)),
         '!='
-      );
+      )
     }
-    throw e;
+    throw e
   }
 
   if (flatArray.length > 0) {
@@ -241,11 +239,11 @@ exports.reshape = function(array, sizes) {
       product(sizes),
       product(exports.size(array)),
       '!='
-    );
+    )
   }
 
-  return newArray;
-};
+  return newArray
+}
 
 /**
  * Recursively re-shape a multi dimensional array to fit the specified dimensions
@@ -258,19 +256,19 @@ exports.reshape = function(array, sizes) {
  *                                not equal that of the old ones
  */
 function _reshape(array, sizes) {
-  var accumulator = [];
-  var i;
+  let accumulator = []
+  let i
 
   if (sizes.length === 0) {
     if (array.length === 0) {
-      throw new DimensionError(null, null, '!=');
+      throw new DimensionError(null, null, '!=')
     }
-    return array.shift();
+    return array.shift()
   }
   for (i = 0; i < sizes[0]; i += 1) {
-    accumulator.push(_reshape(array, sizes.slice(1)));
+    accumulator.push(_reshape(array, sizes.slice(1)))
   }
-  return accumulator;
+  return accumulator
 }
 
 
@@ -281,28 +279,28 @@ function _reshape(array, sizes) {
  * @returns {Array} returns the array itself
  */
 exports.squeeze = function(array, size) {
-  var s = size || exports.size(array);
+  let s = size || exports.size(array)
 
   // squeeze outer dimensions
   while (Array.isArray(array) && array.length === 1) {
-    array = array[0];
-    s.shift();
+    array = array[0]
+    s.shift()
   }
 
   // find the first dimension to be squeezed
-  var dims = s.length;
+  let dims = s.length
   while (s[dims - 1] === 1) {
-    dims--;
+    dims--
   }
 
   // squeeze inner dimensions
   if (dims < s.length) {
-    array = _squeeze(array, dims, 0);
-    s.length = dims;
+    array = _squeeze(array, dims, 0)
+    s.length = dims
   }
 
-  return array;
-};
+  return array
+}
 
 /**
  * Recursively squeeze a multi dimensional array
@@ -313,21 +311,21 @@ exports.squeeze = function(array, size) {
  * @private
  */
 function _squeeze (array, dims, dim) {
-  var i, ii;
+  let i, ii
 
   if (dim < dims) {
-    var next = dim + 1;
+    const next = dim + 1
     for (i = 0, ii = array.length; i < ii; i++) {
-      array[i] = _squeeze(array[i], dims, next);
+      array[i] = _squeeze(array[i], dims, next)
     }
   }
   else {
     while (Array.isArray(array)) {
-      array = array[0];
+      array = array[0]
     }
   }
 
-  return array;
+  return array
 }
 
 /**
@@ -342,25 +340,25 @@ function _squeeze (array, dims, dim) {
  * @returns {Array} returns the array itself
  * @private
  */
-exports.unsqueeze = function(array, dims, outer, size) {
-  var s = size || exports.size(array);
+export function unsqueeze(array, dims, outer, size) {
+  let s = size || exports.size(array)
 
   // unsqueeze outer dimensions
   if (outer) {
-    for (var i = 0; i < outer; i++) {
-      array = [array];
-      s.unshift(1);
+    for (let i = 0; i < outer; i++) {
+      array = [array]
+      s.unshift(1)
     }
   }
 
   // unsqueeze inner dimensions
-  array = _unsqueeze(array, dims, 0);
+  array = _unsqueeze(array, dims, 0)
   while (s.length < dims) {
-    s.push(1);
+    s.push(1)
   }
 
-  return array;
-};
+  return array
+}
 
 /**
  * Recursively unsqueeze a multi dimensional array
@@ -371,21 +369,21 @@ exports.unsqueeze = function(array, dims, outer, size) {
  * @private
  */
 function _unsqueeze (array, dims, dim) {
-  var i, ii;
+  let i, ii
 
   if (Array.isArray(array)) {
-    var next = dim + 1;
+    const next = dim + 1
     for (i = 0, ii = array.length; i < ii; i++) {
-      array[i] = _unsqueeze(array[i], dims, next);
+      array[i] = _unsqueeze(array[i], dims, next)
     }
   }
   else {
-    for (var d = dim; d < dims; d++) {
-      array = [array];
+    for (let d = dim; d < dims; d++) {
+      array = [array]
     }
   }
 
-  return array;
+  return array
 }
 /**
  * Flatten a multi dimensional array, put all elements in a one dimensional
@@ -393,32 +391,32 @@ function _unsqueeze (array, dims, dim) {
  * @param {Array} array   A multi dimensional array
  * @return {Array}        The flattened array (1 dimensional)
  */
-exports.flatten = function(array) {
+export function flatten(array) {
   if (!Array.isArray(array)) {
     //if not an array, return as is
-    return array;
+    return array
   }
-  var flat = [];
+  let flat = []
 
   array.forEach(function callback(value) {
     if (Array.isArray(value)) {
       value.forEach(callback);  //traverse through sub-arrays recursively
     }
     else {
-      flat.push(value);
+      flat.push(value)
     }
-  });
+  })
 
-  return flat;
-};
+  return flat
+}
 
 /**
  * A safe map
  * @param {Array} array
  * @param {function} callback
  */
-exports.map = function (array, callback) {
-  return Array.prototype.map.call(array, callback);
+export function map(array, callback) {
+  return Array.prototype.map.call(array, callback)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -426,8 +424,8 @@ exports.map = function (array, callback) {
  * @param {Array} array
  * @param {function} callback
  */
-exports.forEach = function (array, callback) {
-  Array.prototype.forEach.call(array, callback);
+export function forEach(array, callback) {
+  Array.prototype.forEach.call(array, callback)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -435,12 +433,12 @@ exports.forEach = function (array, callback) {
  * @param {Array} array
  * @param {function} callback
  */
-exports.filter = function (array, callback) {
+export function filter(array, callback) {
   if (exports.size(array).length !== 1) {
-    throw new Error('Only one dimensional matrices supported');
+    throw new Error('Only one dimensional matrices supported')
   }
 
-  return Array.prototype.filter.call(array, callback);
+  return Array.prototype.filter.call(array, callback)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -450,14 +448,12 @@ exports.filter = function (array, callback) {
  * @return {Array} Returns the filtered array
  * @private
  */
-exports.filterRegExp = function (array, regexp) {
+export function filterRegExp(array, regexp) {
   if (exports.size(array).length !== 1) {
-    throw new Error('Only one dimensional matrices supported');
+    throw new Error('Only one dimensional matrices supported')
   }
 
-  return Array.prototype.filter.call(array, function (entry) {
-    return regexp.test(entry);
-  });
+  return Array.prototype.filter.call(array, (entry) => regexp.test(entry))
 }
 
 /**
@@ -465,8 +461,8 @@ exports.filterRegExp = function (array, regexp) {
  * @param {Array} array
  * @param {string} separator
  */
-exports.join = function (array, separator) {
-  return Array.prototype.join.call(array, separator);
+export function join(array, separator) {
+  return Array.prototype.join.call(array, separator)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -474,49 +470,49 @@ exports.join = function (array, separator) {
  * @param {Array}	a  An array
  * @return {Array}	An array of objects containing the original value and its identifier
  */
-exports.identify = function(a) {
+export function identify(a) {
   if (!Array.isArray(a)) {
-	throw new TypeError('Array input expected');
+	throw new TypeError('Array input expected')
   }
 	
   if (a.length === 0) {
-	return a;
+	return a
   }
 	
-  var b = [];
-  var count = 0;
-  b[0] = {value: a[0], identifier: 0};
-  for (var i=1; i<a.length; i++) {
+  let b = []
+  let count = 0
+  b[0] = {value: a[0], identifier: 0}
+  for (let i=1; i<a.length; i++) {
     if (a[i] === a[i-1]) {
-  	count++;
+  	count++
     }
     else {
-      count = 0;
+      count = 0
     }
-    b.push({value: a[i], identifier: count});
+    b.push({value: a[i], identifier: count})
   }
-  return b;
+  return b
 }
 
 /**
  * Remove the numeric identifier from the elements
- * @param	a  An array
- * @return	An array of values without identifiers
+ * @param	{array} a  An array
+ * @return {array}	An array of values without identifiers
  */
 exports.generalize = function(a) {
   if (!Array.isArray(a)) {
-	throw new TypeError('Array input expected');
+	throw new TypeError('Array input expected')
   }
 	
   if (a.length === 0) {
-	return a;
+	return a
   }
 	
-  var b = [];
-  for (var i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
-    b.push(a[i].value);
+  let b = []
+  for (let i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
+    b.push(a[i].value)
   }
-  return b;
+  return b
 }
 
 /**
@@ -524,4 +520,4 @@ exports.generalize = function(a) {
  * @param {*} value
  * @return {boolean} isArray
  */
-exports.isArray = Array.isArray;
+exports.isArray = Array.isArray
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index bcbc05f60..f5ec6980b 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -604,6 +604,589 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "babel-code-frame": {
+      "version": "6.26.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/babel-code-frame/-/babel-code-frame-6.26.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-Y/1D99weO7fONZR9uP42mj9Yx0s=",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "chalk": "1.1.3",
+        "esutils": "2.0.2",
+        "js-tokens": "3.0.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "babel-core": {
+      "version": "6.26.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/babel-core/-/babel-core-6.26.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6jyFLuDmeidKmUEb3NM+/yawG0M2bDZ9Z1qbZP59cyHLz8kYGKYwpJP0UwUKKUiTRNvxfLesJnTedqczP7cTDA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "babel-code-frame": "6.26.0",
+        "babel-generator": "6.26.1",
+        "babel-helpers": "6.24.1",
+        "babel-messages": "6.23.0",
+        "babel-register": "6.26.0",
+        "babel-runtime": "6.26.0",
+        "babel-template": "6.26.0",
+        "babel-traverse": "6.26.0",
+        "babel-types": "6.26.0",
+        "babylon": "6.18.0",
+        "convert-source-map": "1.5.1",
+        "debug": "2.6.9",
+        "json5": "0.5.1",
+        "lodash": "4.17.10",
+        "minimatch": "3.0.4",
+        "path-is-absolute": "1.0.1",
+        "private": "0.1.8",
+        "slash": "1.0.0",
+        "source-map": "0.5.7"
+      }
+    },
+    "babel-generator": {
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+      "version": "0.4.18",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/source-map-support/-/source-map-support-0.4.18.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-try0/JqxPLF9nOjvSta7tVondkP5dwgyLDjVoyMDlmjugT2lRZ1OfsrYTkCd2hkDnJTKRbO/Rl3orm8vlsUzbA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "requires": {
+        "source-map": "0.5.7"
+      }
+    },
     "source-map-url": {
       "version": "0.4.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/source-map-url/-/source-map-url-0.4.0.tgz",
@@ -8138,6 +8954,12 @@
       "integrity": "sha1-fSKbH8xjfkZsoIEYCDanqr/4P0M=",
       "dev": true
     },
+    "to-fast-properties": {
+      "version": "1.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/to-fast-properties/-/to-fast-properties-1.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-uDVx+k2MJbguIxsG46MFXeTKGkc=",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "to-object-path": {
       "version": "0.3.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/to-object-path/-/to-object-path-0.3.0.tgz",
@@ -8205,6 +9027,12 @@
       "integrity": "sha1-cXuPIgzAu3tE5AUUwisui7xw2Lk=",
       "dev": true
     },
+    "trim-right": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/trim-right/-/trim-right-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-yy4SAwZ+DI3h9hQJS5/kVwTqYAM=",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "tsscmp": {
       "version": "1.0.5",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tsscmp/-/tsscmp-1.0.5.tgz",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 93288c7bc..a29724a4e 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@
     "typed-function": "1.0.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "babel-loader": "7.1.4",
+    "babel-core": "6.26.3",
+    "babel-plugin-transform-object-assign": "6.22.0",
+    "babel-preset-env": "1.7.0",
     "benchmark": "2.1.4",
     "expr-eval": "1.2.1",
     "glob": "7.1.2",
@@ -113,6 +117,7 @@
     "istanbul": "0.4.5",
     "jsep": "0.3.4",
     "karma": "2.0.2",
+    "karma-babel-preprocessor": "7.0.0",
     "karma-browserstack-launcher": "1.3.0",
     "karma-firefox-launcher": "1.1.0",
     "karma-mocha": "1.3.0",
@@ -138,21 +143,21 @@
   },
   "main": "./index",
   "files": [
-      "dist",
-      "lib",
-      "src",
-      "bin",
-      "core.js",
-      "index.js",
-      "docs",
-      "examples",
-      "CONTRIBUTING.md"
+    "dist",
+    "lib",
+    "src",
+    "bin",
+    "core.js",
+    "index.js",
+    "docs",
+    "examples",
+    "CONTRIBUTING.md"
   ],
   "scripts": {
     "build": "gulp",
     "watch": "gulp watch",
     "docs": "gulp docs",
-    "test": "mocha test node-test --recursive",
+    "test": "mocha test node-test --recursive --compilers js:babel-core/register",
     "test:browser": "karma start ./browser-test-config/local-karma.js",
     "test:browserstack": "karma start ./browser-test-config/browserstack-karma.js",
     "coverage": "istanbul cover _mocha -- test --recursive; echo \"\nCoverage report is available at ./coverage/lcov-report/index.html\"",
diff --git a/test/function/arithmetic/divide.test.js b/test/function/arithmetic/divide.test.js
index 06634a7ad..e1af93208 100644
--- a/test/function/arithmetic/divide.test.js
+++ b/test/function/arithmetic/divide.test.js
@@ -156,12 +156,12 @@ describe('divide', function() {
   });
 
   it('should divide each elements in a matrix by a number', function() {
-    assert.deepEqual(divide([2,4,6], 2), [1,2,3]);
-    a  = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    assert.deepEqual(divide(a, 2), math.matrix([[0.5,1],[1.5,2]]));
-    assert.deepEqual(divide(a.valueOf(), 2), [[0.5,1],[1.5,2]]);
-    assert.deepEqual(divide([], 2), []);
-    assert.deepEqual(divide([], 2), []);
+    assert.deepEqual(divide([2,4,6], 2), [1,2,3])
+    const a = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]])
+    assert.deepEqual(divide(a, 2), math.matrix([[0.5,1],[1.5,2]]))
+    assert.deepEqual(divide(a.valueOf(), 2), [[0.5,1],[1.5,2]])
+    assert.deepEqual(divide([], 2), [])
+    assert.deepEqual(divide([], 2), [])
   });
 
   it('should divide 1 over a matrix (matrix inverse)', function() {
@@ -177,9 +177,9 @@ describe('divide', function() {
   });
 
   it('should perform matrix division', function() {
-    a = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    b = math.matrix([[5,6],[7,8]]);
-    assert.deepEqual(divide(a, b), math.matrix([[3,-2], [2,-1]]));
+    const a = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]])
+    const b = math.matrix([[5,6],[7,8]])
+    assert.deepEqual(divide(a, b), math.matrix([[3,-2], [2,-1]]))
   });
 
   it('should divide a matrix by a matrix containing a scalar', function() {
diff --git a/test/function/arithmetic/unaryMinus.test.js b/test/function/arithmetic/unaryMinus.test.js
index 7ede185b5..2ca3df573 100644
--- a/test/function/arithmetic/unaryMinus.test.js
+++ b/test/function/arithmetic/unaryMinus.test.js
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ describe('unaryMinus', function() {
   });
 
   it('should perform unary minus of a fraction', function() {
-    var a = fraction(0.5);
-    assert(math.unaryMinus(a) instanceof math.type.Fraction);
-    assert.equal(a.toString(), '0.5');
+    const a = fraction(0.5)
+    assert(math.unaryMinus(a) instanceof math.type.Fraction)
+    assert.equal(a.toString(), '0.5')
 
-    assert.equal(math.unaryMinus(fraction(0.5)).toString(), '-0.5');
-    assert.equal(math.unaryMinus(fraction(-0.5)).toString(), '0.5');
+    assert.equal(math.unaryMinus(fraction(0.5)).toString(), '-0.5')
+    assert.equal(math.unaryMinus(fraction(-0.5)).toString(), '0.5')
   });
 
   it('should perform unary minus of a complex number', function() {
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ describe('unaryMinus', function() {
   });
 
   it('should perform element-wise unary minus on a matrix', function() {
-    a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    var a7 = math.unaryMinus(a2);
-    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2]);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[-1,-2],[-3,-4]]);
-    assert.deepEqual(math.unaryMinus([[1,2],[3,4]]), [[-1,-2],[-3,-4]]);
+    const a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]])
+    const a7 = math.unaryMinus(a2)
+    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix)
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2])
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[-1,-2],[-3,-4]])
+    assert.deepEqual(math.unaryMinus([[1,2],[3,4]]), [[-1,-2],[-3,-4]])
   });
 
   it('should throw an error in case of invalid number of arguments', function() {
diff --git a/test/function/arithmetic/unaryPlus.test.js b/test/function/arithmetic/unaryPlus.test.js
index 89be61445..7450bd653 100644
--- a/test/function/arithmetic/unaryPlus.test.js
+++ b/test/function/arithmetic/unaryPlus.test.js
@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ describe('unaryPlus', function() {
   });
 
   it('should perform element-wise unary plus on a matrix', function() {
-    a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    var a7 = math.unaryPlus(a2);
-    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2]);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    assert.deepEqual(math.unaryPlus([[1,2],[3,4]]), [[1,2],[3,4]]);
+    const a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]])
+    const a7 = math.unaryPlus(a2)
+    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix)
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2])
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[1,2],[3,4]])
+    assert.deepEqual(math.unaryPlus([[1,2],[3,4]]), [[1,2],[3,4]])
   });
 
   it('should throw an error in case of invalid number of arguments', function() {
diff --git a/test/function/bitwise/bitNot.test.js b/test/function/bitwise/bitNot.test.js
index 4965cb8db..c69120c08 100644
--- a/test/function/bitwise/bitNot.test.js
+++ b/test/function/bitwise/bitNot.test.js
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ describe('bitNot', function () {
   });
 
   it('should perform element-wise bitwise not on a matrix', function () {
-    a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]]);
-    var a7 = bitNot(a2);
-    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2]);
-    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[-2,-3],[-4,-5]]);
+    const a2 = math.matrix([[1,2],[3,4]])
+    const a7 = bitNot(a2)
+    assert.ok(a7 instanceof math.type.Matrix)
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.size(), [2,2])
+    assert.deepEqual(a7.valueOf(), [[-2,-3],[-4,-5]])
   });
 
   it('should perform element-wise bitwise not on an array', function () {
diff --git a/test/function/matrix/expm.test.js b/test/function/matrix/expm.test.js
index 635b86b7e..37f2f1985 100644
--- a/test/function/matrix/expm.test.js
+++ b/test/function/matrix/expm.test.js
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // test expm
-var assert = require('assert'),
-    approx = require('../../../tools/approx');
-    math = require('../../../index'),
-    expm = math.expm;
+const assert = require('assert')
+const approx = require('../../../tools/approx')
+const math = require('../../../index')
+const expm = math.expm
 
 describe('expm', function() {
 
diff --git a/test/function/matrix/kron.test.js b/test/function/matrix/kron.test.js
index d090f1a3e..27bd37fda 100644
--- a/test/function/matrix/kron.test.js
+++ b/test/function/matrix/kron.test.js
@@ -81,11 +81,11 @@ describe('kron', function() {
     });
 
     it('should throw an error for invalid kronecker product of matrix', function() {
-      y = math.matrix([[[]]]);
-      x = math.matrix([[[1,1], [1,1]], [[1,1], [1,1]]]);
-      assert.throws(function () { math.kron(y, x) });
-    });
-  });
+      const y = math.matrix([[[]]])
+      const x = math.matrix([[[1,1], [1,1]], [[1,1], [1,1]]])
+      assert.throws(function () { math.kron(y, x) })
+    })
+  })
 
   describe('SparseMatrix', function () {
     it('should calculate the kronecker product of a 2d matrix', function() {
diff --git a/test/type/complex/Complex.test.js b/test/type/complex/Complex.test.js
index 3d9e65f77..5129e9803 100644
--- a/test/type/complex/Complex.test.js
+++ b/test/type/complex/Complex.test.js
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ var Complex = math.type.Complex;
 
 describe('Complex', function () {
 
-  assertComplex = function(complex, re, im) {
+  function assertComplex(complex, re, im) {
     assert(complex instanceof Complex);
     assert.strictEqual(complex.re, re);
     assert.strictEqual(complex.im, im);
-  };
+  }
 
   describe('constructor', function() {
 
diff --git a/test/type/unit/Unit.test.js b/test/type/unit/Unit.test.js
index 36a6356f8..80e47a3a6 100644
--- a/test/type/unit/Unit.test.js
+++ b/test/type/unit/Unit.test.js
@@ -82,15 +82,15 @@ describe('Unit', function() {
       assert.throws(function () { new Unit(0, 3); });
     });
 
-  it('should flag unit as already simplified', function() {
-      unit1 = new Unit(9.81, "kg m/s^2");
-    assert.equal(unit1.isUnitListSimplified, true);
-    assert.equal(unit1.toString(), "9.81 (kg m) / s^2");
+    it('should flag unit as already simplified', function() {
+      const unit1 = new Unit(9.81, "kg m/s^2")
+      assert.equal(unit1.isUnitListSimplified, true)
+      assert.equal(unit1.toString(), "9.81 (kg m) / s^2")
 
-      unit1 = new Unit(null, "kg m/s^2");
-    assert.equal(unit1.isUnitListSimplified, true);
-    assert.equal(unit1.toString(), "(kg m) / s^2");
-  });
+      const unit2 = new Unit(null, "kg m/s^2")
+      assert.equal(unit2.isUnitListSimplified, true)
+      assert.equal(unit2.toString(), "(kg m) / s^2")
+    })
 
   });
 
@@ -879,38 +879,38 @@ describe('Unit', function() {
     });
 
     it('should parse expressions with nested parentheses correctly', function() {
-      unit1 = Unit.parse('8.314 kg (m^2 / (s^2 / (K^-1 / mol)))');
-      approx.equal(unit1.value, 8.314);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].unit.name, 'g');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].unit.name, 'm');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].unit.name, 's');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].unit.name, 'K');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].unit.name, 'mol');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].power, 1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].power, 2);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].power, -2);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].power, -1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].power, -1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].prefix.name, 'k');
+      let unit1 = Unit.parse('8.314 kg (m^2 / (s^2 / (K^-1 / mol)))')
+      approx.equal(unit1.value, 8.314)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].unit.name, 'g')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].unit.name, 'm')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].unit.name, 's')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].unit.name, 'K')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].unit.name, 'mol')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].power, 1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].power, 2)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].power, -2)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].power, -1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].power, -1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].prefix.name, 'k')
 
-      unit1 = Unit.parse('1 (m / ( s / ( kg mol ) / ( lbm / h ) K ) )');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].unit.name, 'm');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].unit.name, 's');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].unit.name, 'g');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].unit.name, 'mol');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].unit.name, 'lbm');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[5].unit.name, 'h');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[6].unit.name, 'K');
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].power, 1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].power, -1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].power, 1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].power, 1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].power, 1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[5].power, -1);
-      assert.equal(unit1.units[6].power, -1);
+      unit1 = Unit.parse('1 (m / ( s / ( kg mol ) / ( lbm / h ) K ) )')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].unit.name, 'm')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].unit.name, 's')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].unit.name, 'g')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].unit.name, 'mol')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].unit.name, 'lbm')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[5].unit.name, 'h')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[6].unit.name, 'K')
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[0].power, 1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[1].power, -1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[2].power, 1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[3].power, 1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[4].power, 1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[5].power, -1)
+      assert.equal(unit1.units[6].power, -1)
 
-      unit2 = Unit.parse('1(m/(s/(kg mol)/(lbm/h)K))');
-      assert.deepEqual(unit1, unit2);
+      const unit2 = Unit.parse('1(m/(s/(kg mol)/(lbm/h)K))')
+      assert.deepEqual(unit1, unit2)
     });
 
     it('should parse units with correct precedence', function() {
diff --git a/test/utils/bignumber/formatter.test.js b/test/utils/bignumber/formatter.test.js
index c85eff8a2..3c007bce6 100644
--- a/test/utils/bignumber/formatter.test.js
+++ b/test/utils/bignumber/formatter.test.js
@@ -190,15 +190,15 @@ describe('format', function () {
 
 
     it('should format bignumbers in fixed notation with precision', function() {
-      options = {
+      const options = {
         notation: 'fixed',
         precision: 2
-      };
-      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('1.23456'), options), '1.23');
-      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12345678'), options), '12345678.00');
-      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12e18'), options), '12000000000000000000.00');
-      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12e30'), options), '12000000000000000000000000000000.00');
-    });
+      }
+      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('1.23456'), options), '1.23')
+      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12345678'), options), '12345678.00')
+      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12e18'), options), '12000000000000000000.00')
+      assert.deepEqual(formatter.format(new BigNumber('12e30'), options), '12000000000000000000000000000000.00')
+    })
 
     it('should throw an error on unknown notation', function () {
       assert.throws(function () {
diff --git a/tools/validate.js b/tools/validate.js
index 79998ae42..b7e61bf71 100644
--- a/tools/validate.js
+++ b/tools/validate.js
@@ -1,49 +1,51 @@
 /**
  * Validate whether all functions in math.js are documented in math.expression.docs
+ * we use the minified bundle to also check whether that bundle is valid.
  */
-var gutil = require('gulp-util'),
-    math = require('../index'),
-    prop;
+const gutil = require('gulp-util')
+const math = require('../dist/math.min.js')
+let prop
 
 // names to ignore
-var ignore = [
+const ignore = [
   // functions not supported or relevant for the parser:
   'create', 'typed', 'config',
   'on', 'off', 'emit', 'once',
   'compile', 'parse', 'parser',
-  'chain', 'print', 'uninitialized'
-];
+  'chain', 'print', 'uninitialized',
+  'eye'
+]
 
 // test whether all functions are documented
-var undocumentedCount = 0;
+let undocumentedCount = 0
 for (prop in math) {
   if (math.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
-    var obj = math[prop];
-    if (math['typeof'](obj) != 'Object') {
-      if (!math.expression.docs[prop] && (ignore.indexOf(prop) == -1)) {
-        gutil.log('WARNING: Function ' + prop + ' is undocumented');
-        undocumentedCount++;
+    const obj = math[prop]
+    if (math['typeof'](obj) !== 'Object') {
+      if (!math.expression.docs[prop] && (ignore.indexOf(prop) === -1)) {
+        gutil.log('WARNING: Function ' + prop + ' is undocumented')
+        undocumentedCount++
       }
     }
   }
 }
 
 // test whether there is documentation for non existing functions
-var nonExistingCount = 0;
-var docs = math.expression.docs;
+let nonExistingCount = 0
+const docs = math.expression.docs
 for (prop in docs) {
   if (docs.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
     if (math[prop] === undefined && !math.type[prop]) {
-      gutil.log('WARNING: Documentation for a non-existing function "' + prop + '"');
-      nonExistingCount++;
+      gutil.log('WARNING: Documentation for a non-existing function "' + prop + '"')
+      nonExistingCount++
     }
   }
 }
 
 // done. Output results
-if (undocumentedCount == 0 && nonExistingCount == 0) {
-  gutil.log('Validation successful: all functions are documented.');
+if (undocumentedCount === 0 && nonExistingCount === 0) {
+  gutil.log('Validation successful: all functions are documented.')
 }
 else {
-  gutil.log('Validation failed: not all functions are documented.');
+  gutil.log('Validation failed: not all functions are documented.')
 }